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DRIVING SIGNATURE · FULL METRICS

Pierre Gasly

Late hybrid era (2018–2021) · data from 2018–2021 · AlphaTauri, Toro Rosso, Red Bull Racing

LATE HYBRID · 2018–2021GROUND EFFECT · 2022–2025ACTIVE AERO · 2026

LAPS USED

2,305

QUALIFYING

76

RACES

72

AXES SCORED

5/6

CONFIDENCE

0.73

How this is calculated — the era, the field, the comparison groups and every threshold.

OVERVIEW

Each axis is a 0–100 rank among every driver-era in the dataset, built from differences to the same-session field. The 90% range is where nine in ten resampled scores land. Rank is within the late hybrid field.

STEERINGSMOOTHNESSPENDINGENTRY AGGRESSIONTYRE MANAGEMENTTHROTTLE APPLICATIONBRAKINGCONSISTENCY

DASHED: ERA AVG — The average of every driver scored in the same regulation era. It sits close to 50 on every axis: a typical driver.

AXISSCORE90% RANGERANKERA AVGALL-TIMECHAMPIONSTEAMMATES
STEERINGPENDING——————
ENTRY8177–835/3047509258
TYRE MGMT4915–8217/3053505162
THROTTLE8786–904/3050507689
BRAKING9085–944/3049507884
CONSISTENCY6736–878/3049508161

AXIS BY AXIS

What each axis measures, where the driver sits among this era's drivers, the raw differences behind the score, and how it moved from weekend to weekend.

ENTRY AGGRESSION

QUALIFYING PUSH LAPS · CORNER BY CORNER

Speed as the driver comes off the brake, and the minimum speed through the corner.

81/ 100
RANK 5 OF 30 · LATE HYBRID FIELD
90% RANGE 77–83

Higher means: Carries more speed off the brake and through the slowest point.

0255075100Alexander Albon (Red Bull Racing): 77Fernando Alonso (Alpine): 40Valtteri Bottas (Mercedes): 99Marcus Ericsson (Sauber): 65Antonio Giovinazzi (Alfa Romeo Racing): 33Romain Grosjean (Haas F1 Team): 25Lewis Hamilton (Mercedes): 98Brendon Hartley (Toro Rosso): 46Nico Hulkenberg (Renault): 73Robert Kubica (Williams): 1Daniil Kvyat (Toro Rosso): 44Nicholas Latifi (Williams): 6Charles Leclerc (Ferrari): 59Kevin Magnussen (Haas F1 Team): 27Nikita Mazepin (Haas F1 Team): 2Mick Schumacher (Haas F1 Team): 13Lando Norris (McLaren): 67Esteban Ocon (Alpine): 49Sergio Perez (Racing Point): 45Kimi Räikkönen (Alfa Romeo Racing): 24Daniel Ricciardo (Renault): 90George Russell (Williams): 22Carlos Sainz (McLaren): 52Sergey Sirotkin (Williams): 4Lance Stroll (Racing Point): 17Yuki Tsunoda (AlphaTauri): 61Stoffel Vandoorne (McLaren): 15Max Verstappen (Red Bull Racing): 93Sebastian Vettel (Ferrari): 66Pierre Gasly: 81

● DRIVER · ○ TEAMMATE · ● REST OF ERA · ┊ ERA AVG · SHADED: 90% RANGE

ON AVERAGE, AGAINST THE SAME-SESSION FIELD

5.2 km/h more speed as the brake comes off.

0.4 km/h higher minimum corner speed.

WEEKEND BY WEEKEND · ABOVE THE LINE = BETTER THAN THAT SESSION'S FIELD

2018201920202021
2018 Sakhir: +0.292018 Shanghai: +0.022018 Baku: -0.112018 Barcelona: -0.102018 Monte Carlo: +0.392018 Montréal: -0.042018 Le Castellet: +0.202018 Spielberg: +0.472018 Silverstone: +0.342018 Hockenheim: -0.172018 Budapest: +0.252018 Spa-Francorchamps: +0.312018 Monza: +0.272018 Singapore: -0.132018 Sochi: +0.072018 Suzuka: +0.382018 Austin: +0.102018 Mexico City: -0.052018 São Paulo: +0.362018 Yas Marina: -0.182019 Melbourne: -0.412019 Sakhir: +0.172019 Shanghai: +0.752019 Baku: +1.532019 Barcelona: +1.032019 Monte Carlo: +0.262019 Montréal: +0.852019 Le Castellet: +0.472019 Spielberg: +0.862019 Silverstone: +0.982019 Hockenheim: +0.352019 Budapest: +1.232019 Spa-Francorchamps: -0.482019 Monza: +0.852019 Singapore: +0.152019 Sochi: +0.282019 Suzuka: +0.272019 Mexico City: +0.402019 Austin: +0.112019 São Paulo: +0.102019 Yas Island: +0.112020 Spielberg: +0.182020 Spielberg: no usable session2020 Budapest: +0.112020 Silverstone: +0.252020 Silverstone: +0.622020 Barcelona: +0.202020 Spa-Francorchamps: +0.082020 Monza: +0.892020 Mugello: -0.312020 Sochi: +0.082020 Nürburgring: -0.092020 Portimão: +0.032020 Imola: +0.372020 Sakhir: +0.172020 Sakhir: +0.152020 Yas Island: +0.312021 Sakhir: +0.362021 Imola: +0.232021 Portimão: +0.212021 Barcelona: +0.542021 Monte Carlo: -0.092021 Baku: +0.632021 Le Castellet: -0.302021 Spielberg: +0.332021 Spielberg: +0.472021 Silverstone: -0.162021 Budapest: +0.452021 Zandvoort: +0.932021 Monza: +1.352021 Sochi: no usable session2021 Istanbul: +1.062021 Austin: +0.622021 Mexico City: +0.562021 São Paulo: +0.342021 Lusail: +0.522021 Jeddah: +0.982021 Yas Island: +0.53

76 SESSIONS · 1557 LAP-CORNERS · MINIMUM 5 QUALIFYING SESSIONS AND 150 LAP-CORNERS

TYRE MANAGEMENT

CLEAN RACE LAPS · PER STINT

How fast lap times drop off as the tyres age, corrected for fuel load.

49/ 100
RANK 17 OF 30 · LATE HYBRID FIELD
90% RANGE 15–82

Higher means: Loses less time per lap of tyre age than the field on the same compound.

0255075100Alexander Albon (Red Bull Racing): 63Fernando Alonso (Alpine): 93Valtteri Bottas (Mercedes): 10Marcus Ericsson (Sauber): 84Antonio Giovinazzi (Alfa Romeo Racing): 15Romain Grosjean (Haas F1 Team): 47Lewis Hamilton (Mercedes): 59Brendon Hartley (Toro Rosso): 79Nico Hulkenberg (Renault): 88Robert Kubica (Williams): 8Daniil Kvyat (Toro Rosso): 36Nicholas Latifi (Williams): 54Charles Leclerc (Ferrari): 18Kevin Magnussen (Haas F1 Team): 75Nikita Mazepin (Haas F1 Team): 4Mick Schumacher (Haas F1 Team): 16Lando Norris (McLaren): 81Esteban Ocon (Alpine): 86Sergio Perez (Racing Point): 60Kimi Räikkönen (Alfa Romeo Racing): 46Daniel Ricciardo (Renault): 87George Russell (Williams): 64Carlos Sainz (McLaren): 74Sergey Sirotkin (Williams): 9Lance Stroll (Racing Point): 26Yuki Tsunoda (AlphaTauri): 98Stoffel Vandoorne (McLaren): 91Max Verstappen (Red Bull Racing): 38Sebastian Vettel (Ferrari): 20Pierre Gasly: 49

● DRIVER · ○ TEAMMATE · ● REST OF ERA · ┊ ERA AVG · SHADED: 90% RANGE

ON AVERAGE, AGAINST THE SAME-SESSION FIELD

Loses 0.048 s per lap of tyre age after fuel correction, 0.007 s/lap more than the race median.

WEEKEND BY WEEKEND · ABOVE THE LINE = BETTER THAN THAT SESSION'S FIELD

2018201920202021
2018 Sakhir: +1.972018 Shanghai: +2.032018 Baku: -0.172018 Barcelona: no usable session2018 Monte Carlo: +0.632018 Montréal: +0.672018 Le Castellet: no usable session2018 Spielberg: -1.532018 Silverstone: +0.062018 Hockenheim: +0.682018 Budapest: +0.302018 Spa-Francorchamps: -0.212018 Monza: no usable session2018 Singapore: 0.002018 Sochi: no usable session2018 Suzuka: -1.662018 Austin: -1.482018 Mexico City: -1.792018 São Paulo: -1.112018 Yas Marina: -1.212019 Melbourne: -3.002019 Sakhir: +0.362019 Shanghai: -0.162019 Baku: +0.902019 Barcelona: +0.052019 Monte Carlo: -0.232019 Montréal: -1.852019 Le Castellet: +0.192019 Spielberg: -0.672019 Silverstone: -0.972019 Hockenheim: no usable session2019 Budapest: +2.732019 Spa-Francorchamps: +0.872019 Monza: +0.852019 Singapore: -2.052019 Sochi: -3.002019 Suzuka: -0.552019 Mexico City: +0.992019 Austin: -0.212019 São Paulo: +0.232019 Yas Island: +1.182020 Spielberg: +0.142020 Spielberg: -1.872020 Budapest: no usable session2020 Silverstone: +0.512020 Silverstone: -0.012020 Barcelona: -2.442020 Spa-Francorchamps: -1.142020 Monza: -0.542020 Mugello: no usable session2020 Sochi: +0.752020 Nürburgring: +0.322020 Portimão: +0.432020 Imola: no usable session2020 Sakhir: +0.562020 Sakhir: -0.102020 Yas Island: +0.602021 Sakhir: -1.482021 Imola: -0.712021 Portimão: -0.062021 Barcelona: +0.802021 Monte Carlo: +0.482021 Baku: +0.302021 Le Castellet: +2.832021 Spielberg: no usable session2021 Spielberg: +0.242021 Silverstone: -2.372021 Budapest: +0.422021 Zandvoort: -0.042021 Monza: no usable session2021 Sochi: +0.362021 Istanbul: no usable session2021 Austin: no usable session2021 Mexico City: +0.082021 São Paulo: +0.612021 Lusail: -0.772021 Jeddah: +0.562021 Yas Island: +1.57

66 SESSIONS · 106 STINTS · MINIMUM 5 RACES AND 8 STINTS

THROTTLE APPLICATION

QUALIFYING PUSH LAPS · CORNER BY CORNER

Distance from the slowest point of the corner to full throttle, and the number of throttle lifts in between.

87/ 100
RANK 4 OF 30 · LATE HYBRID FIELD
90% RANGE 86–90

Higher means: Reaches full throttle sooner after the apex, with fewer lifts.

0255075100Alexander Albon (Red Bull Racing): 39Fernando Alonso (Alpine): 76Valtteri Bottas (Mercedes): 75Marcus Ericsson (Sauber): 61Antonio Giovinazzi (Alfa Romeo Racing): 22Romain Grosjean (Haas F1 Team): 66Lewis Hamilton (Mercedes): 60Brendon Hartley (Toro Rosso): 73Nico Hulkenberg (Renault): 56Robert Kubica (Williams): 2Daniil Kvyat (Toro Rosso): 97Nicholas Latifi (Williams): 18Charles Leclerc (Ferrari): 30Kevin Magnussen (Haas F1 Team): 27Nikita Mazepin (Haas F1 Team): 1Mick Schumacher (Haas F1 Team): 4Lando Norris (McLaren): 45Esteban Ocon (Alpine): 9Sergio Perez (Racing Point): 64Kimi Räikkönen (Alfa Romeo Racing): 36Daniel Ricciardo (Renault): 67George Russell (Williams): 35Carlos Sainz (McLaren): 62Sergey Sirotkin (Williams): 13Lance Stroll (Racing Point): 57Yuki Tsunoda (AlphaTauri): 91Stoffel Vandoorne (McLaren): 70Max Verstappen (Red Bull Racing): 94Sebastian Vettel (Ferrari): 54Pierre Gasly: 87

● DRIVER · ○ TEAMMATE · ● REST OF ERA · ┊ ERA AVG · SHADED: 90% RANGE

ON AVERAGE, AGAINST THE SAME-SESSION FIELD

Reaches full throttle 3.8 m closer to the apex than the field median.

WEEKEND BY WEEKEND · ABOVE THE LINE = BETTER THAN THAT SESSION'S FIELD

2018201920202021
2018 Sakhir: +0.362018 Shanghai: -0.522018 Baku: +0.272018 Barcelona: -0.272018 Monte Carlo: +0.492018 Montréal: -0.012018 Le Castellet: -0.102018 Spielberg: +0.172018 Silverstone: +0.362018 Hockenheim: +0.242018 Budapest: +0.272018 Spa-Francorchamps: -0.162018 Monza: +0.092018 Singapore: +0.152018 Sochi: +0.562018 Suzuka: -0.222018 Austin: +0.152018 Mexico City: -0.162018 São Paulo: +0.602018 Yas Marina: +0.112019 Melbourne: +0.342019 Sakhir: +0.152019 Shanghai: +0.322019 Baku: -0.162019 Barcelona: +0.142019 Monte Carlo: +0.382019 Montréal: +0.212019 Le Castellet: +0.482019 Spielberg: +0.422019 Silverstone: +0.212019 Hockenheim: +0.082019 Budapest: +0.282019 Spa-Francorchamps: +0.092019 Monza: +0.512019 Singapore: +0.012019 Sochi: +0.332019 Suzuka: +0.312019 Mexico City: +0.262019 Austin: +0.172019 São Paulo: +0.082019 Yas Island: -0.082020 Spielberg: +0.582020 Spielberg: no usable session2020 Budapest: +0.152020 Silverstone: +0.332020 Silverstone: +0.322020 Barcelona: +0.202020 Spa-Francorchamps: -0.182020 Monza: +0.142020 Mugello: -0.052020 Sochi: +0.292020 Nürburgring: +0.172020 Portimão: +0.232020 Imola: +0.042020 Sakhir: +0.312020 Sakhir: +0.212020 Yas Island: +0.082021 Sakhir: +0.252021 Imola: +0.372021 Portimão: +0.392021 Barcelona: -0.042021 Monte Carlo: +0.042021 Baku: +0.652021 Le Castellet: +0.442021 Spielberg: +0.222021 Spielberg: +0.422021 Silverstone: +0.262021 Budapest: +0.142021 Zandvoort: +0.212021 Monza: +0.232021 Sochi: no usable session2021 Istanbul: -0.022021 Austin: +0.402021 Mexico City: +0.192021 São Paulo: +0.312021 Lusail: +0.072021 Jeddah: +0.302021 Yas Island: +0.06

76 SESSIONS · 1480 LAP-CORNERS · MINIMUM 5 QUALIFYING SESSIONS AND 150 LAP-CORNERS

BRAKING

QUALIFYING PUSH LAPS · CORNER BY CORNER

Where the driver starts braking for each corner, and how long the braking zone lasts.

90/ 100
RANK 4 OF 30 · LATE HYBRID FIELD
90% RANGE 85–94

Higher means: Brakes later and over a shorter distance than the field.

0255075100Alexander Albon (Red Bull Racing): 38Fernando Alonso (Alpine): 60Valtteri Bottas (Mercedes): 86Marcus Ericsson (Sauber): 55Antonio Giovinazzi (Alfa Romeo Racing): 29Romain Grosjean (Haas F1 Team): 61Lewis Hamilton (Mercedes): 97Brendon Hartley (Toro Rosso): 99Nico Hulkenberg (Renault): 46Robert Kubica (Williams): 14Daniil Kvyat (Toro Rosso): 70Nicholas Latifi (Williams): 15Charles Leclerc (Ferrari): 59Kevin Magnussen (Haas F1 Team): 10Nikita Mazepin (Haas F1 Team): 1Mick Schumacher (Haas F1 Team): 2Lando Norris (McLaren): 88Esteban Ocon (Alpine): 24Sergio Perez (Racing Point): 31Kimi Räikkönen (Alfa Romeo Racing): 33Daniel Ricciardo (Renault): 73George Russell (Williams): 27Carlos Sainz (McLaren): 49Sergey Sirotkin (Williams): 30Lance Stroll (Racing Point): 9Yuki Tsunoda (AlphaTauri): 92Stoffel Vandoorne (McLaren): 66Max Verstappen (Red Bull Racing): 78Sebastian Vettel (Ferrari): 43Pierre Gasly: 90

● DRIVER · ○ TEAMMATE · ● REST OF ERA · ┊ ERA AVG · SHADED: 90% RANGE

ON AVERAGE, AGAINST THE SAME-SESSION FIELD

Starts braking 1.8 m later than the field median.

WEEKEND BY WEEKEND · ABOVE THE LINE = BETTER THAN THAT SESSION'S FIELD

2018201920202021
2018 Sakhir: +0.172018 Shanghai: +0.272018 Baku: +0.062018 Barcelona: +0.672018 Monte Carlo: +0.362018 Montréal: -0.512018 Le Castellet: +0.312018 Spielberg: -0.162018 Silverstone: +0.602018 Hockenheim: +0.302018 Budapest: +0.642018 Spa-Francorchamps: +0.792018 Monza: -0.072018 Singapore: +0.442018 Sochi: +0.252018 Suzuka: +0.452018 Austin: +0.622018 Mexico City: +0.892018 São Paulo: +0.452018 Yas Marina: +0.272019 Melbourne: -0.142019 Sakhir: +0.092019 Shanghai: +0.202019 Baku: +0.542019 Barcelona: +0.632019 Monte Carlo: +0.772019 Montréal: +0.492019 Le Castellet: +0.122019 Spielberg: +0.922019 Silverstone: +0.092019 Hockenheim: -0.042019 Budapest: +0.402019 Spa-Francorchamps: +0.722019 Monza: +0.652019 Singapore: +0.872019 Sochi: +0.192019 Suzuka: +0.472019 Mexico City: 0.002019 Austin: +0.032019 São Paulo: +0.122019 Yas Island: +0.442020 Spielberg: +0.462020 Spielberg: no usable session2020 Budapest: +0.402020 Silverstone: +0.182020 Silverstone: +0.512020 Barcelona: +0.032020 Spa-Francorchamps: +0.402020 Monza: -0.082020 Mugello: +0.472020 Sochi: +0.612020 Nürburgring: +0.542020 Portimão: -0.182020 Imola: +0.142020 Sakhir: +0.112020 Sakhir: -0.062020 Yas Island: +0.522021 Sakhir: 0.002021 Imola: +0.492021 Portimão: +0.042021 Barcelona: +0.422021 Monte Carlo: +0.712021 Baku: +0.452021 Le Castellet: +0.052021 Spielberg: +0.092021 Spielberg: +0.102021 Silverstone: -0.072021 Budapest: +0.772021 Zandvoort: +0.902021 Monza: +0.312021 Sochi: no usable session2021 Istanbul: +0.602021 Austin: +0.082021 Mexico City: +0.322021 São Paulo: +0.632021 Lusail: +0.352021 Jeddah: +0.472021 Yas Island: +0.19

76 SESSIONS · 1312 LAP-CORNERS · MINIMUM 5 QUALIFYING SESSIONS AND 150 LAP-CORNERS

CONSISTENCY

CLEAN RACE LAPS · PER STINT

How much clean lap times vary within a stint once the tyre-wear trend is removed.

67/ 100
RANK 8 OF 30 · LATE HYBRID FIELD
90% RANGE 36–87

Higher means: Smaller lap-to-lap variation than the field in the same race.

0255075100Alexander Albon (Red Bull Racing): 40Fernando Alonso (Alpine): 45Valtteri Bottas (Mercedes): 44Marcus Ericsson (Sauber): 22Antonio Giovinazzi (Alfa Romeo Racing): 51Romain Grosjean (Haas F1 Team): 34Lewis Hamilton (Mercedes): 57Brendon Hartley (Toro Rosso): 30Nico Hulkenberg (Renault): 49Robert Kubica (Williams): 4Daniil Kvyat (Toro Rosso): 66Nicholas Latifi (Williams): 14Charles Leclerc (Ferrari): 64Kevin Magnussen (Haas F1 Team): 32Nikita Mazepin (Haas F1 Team): 1Mick Schumacher (Haas F1 Team): 3Lando Norris (McLaren): 87Esteban Ocon (Alpine): 85Sergio Perez (Racing Point): 60Kimi Räikkönen (Alfa Romeo Racing): 48Daniel Ricciardo (Renault): 73George Russell (Williams): 17Carlos Sainz (McLaren): 86Sergey Sirotkin (Williams): 7Lance Stroll (Racing Point): 63Yuki Tsunoda (AlphaTauri): 58Stoffel Vandoorne (McLaren): 80Max Verstappen (Red Bull Racing): 95Sebastian Vettel (Ferrari): 84Pierre Gasly: 67

● DRIVER · ○ TEAMMATE · ● REST OF ERA · ┊ ERA AVG · SHADED: 90% RANGE

ON AVERAGE, AGAINST THE SAME-SESSION FIELD

Lap times scatter 0.368 s around the stint trend, 0.042 s looser than the field median.

WEEKEND BY WEEKEND · ABOVE THE LINE = BETTER THAN THAT SESSION'S FIELD

2018201920202021
2018 Sakhir: +0.422018 Shanghai: -3.002018 Baku: -1.482018 Barcelona: no usable session2018 Monte Carlo: +0.702018 Montréal: -0.592018 Le Castellet: no usable session2018 Spielberg: -1.542018 Silverstone: +0.482018 Hockenheim: -2.342018 Budapest: +0.282018 Spa-Francorchamps: +0.602018 Monza: -1.602018 Singapore: +0.212018 Sochi: no usable session2018 Suzuka: -1.662018 Austin: -1.772018 Mexico City: +0.572018 São Paulo: -1.092018 Yas Marina: -0.982019 Melbourne: +0.642019 Sakhir: +0.422019 Shanghai: +0.632019 Baku: -0.452019 Barcelona: -0.272019 Monte Carlo: -0.662019 Montréal: -1.032019 Le Castellet: -0.012019 Spielberg: -0.492019 Silverstone: +0.352019 Hockenheim: no usable session2019 Budapest: +1.532019 Spa-Francorchamps: -3.002019 Monza: +0.762019 Singapore: -0.662019 Sochi: -1.722019 Suzuka: -0.242019 Mexico City: +0.992019 Austin: -0.812019 São Paulo: -0.622019 Yas Island: -1.312020 Spielberg: +0.732020 Spielberg: -1.392020 Budapest: no usable session2020 Silverstone: +0.402020 Silverstone: +0.232020 Barcelona: -1.482020 Spa-Francorchamps: -0.752020 Monza: -0.272020 Mugello: no usable session2020 Sochi: +0.582020 Nürburgring: +0.202020 Portimão: +0.472020 Imola: no usable session2020 Sakhir: -0.872020 Sakhir: +0.452020 Yas Island: +0.172021 Sakhir: -0.962021 Imola: +0.672021 Portimão: +0.392021 Barcelona: 0.002021 Monte Carlo: +0.562021 Baku: 0.002021 Le Castellet: +0.772021 Spielberg: no usable session2021 Spielberg: +0.262021 Silverstone: +0.842021 Budapest: +0.992021 Zandvoort: -0.222021 Monza: no usable session2021 Sochi: +0.362021 Istanbul: no usable session2021 Austin: no usable session2021 Mexico City: +0.302021 São Paulo: +0.302021 Lusail: -0.332021 Jeddah: +0.372021 Yas Island: +0.86

67 SESSIONS · 124 STINTS · MINIMUM 5 RACES AND 8 STINTS

STEERING SMOOTHNESS

NEEDS ONBOARD VIDEO

How smoothly the driver steers through each corner.

PENDING

Not measured yet. No public feed carries steering angle; it will come from onboard video.

TEAMMATES

Same car, same sessions. Each cell is the average difference over the sessions they shared, in field-spread units: +0.30 means 0.3 of a typical field spread better on that axis. Qualifying H2H is the share of shared qualifying sessions where Gasly's best lap was faster.

TEAMMATESHAREDQUALI H2HENTRYTYRE MGMTTHROTTLEBRAKINGCONSISTENCY
Daniil Kvyat46
23 Q · 23 R
78%+0.43-0.02-0.16+0.14-0.30
Yuki Tsunoda34
18 Q · 16 R
94%+0.49-0.340.00-0.01+0.49
Brendon Hartley31
17 Q · 14 R
71%+0.24-0.33+0.08-0.38-0.43
Max Verstappen24
12 Q · 12 R
8%+0.03-0.070.00+0.04+0.22

SESSION LOG

Every weekend in this era. Values are the difference from that session's field in field-spread units, green better and red worse. A dash means the session was skipped (wet, or no data) or the driver had no usable laps.

WEEKENDCIRCUITTEAMQ LAPSBRAKINGENTRYTHROTTLERACE LAPSCONSISTENCYTYRE MGMT
2018 R02SakhirToro Rosso3+0.17+0.29+0.3640+0.42+1.97
2018 R03ShanghaiToro Rosso2+0.27+0.02-0.529-3.00+2.03
2018 R04BakuToro Rosso2+0.06-0.11+0.2721-1.48-0.17
2018 R05BarcelonaToro Rosso3+0.67-0.10-0.27———
2018 R06Monte CarloToro Rosso3+0.36+0.39+0.4947+0.70+0.63
2018 R07MontréalToro Rosso2-0.51-0.04-0.0136-0.59+0.67
2018 R08Le CastelletToro Rosso3+0.31+0.20-0.10———
2018 R09SpielbergToro Rosso3-0.16+0.47+0.1744-1.54-1.53
2018 R10SilverstoneToro Rosso3+0.60+0.34+0.3616+0.48+0.06
2018 R11HockenheimToro Rosso2+0.30-0.17+0.2427-2.34+0.68
2018 R12BudapestToro Rosso2+0.64+0.25+0.2763+0.28+0.30
2018 R13Spa-FrancorchampsToro Rosso3+0.79+0.31-0.1633+0.60-0.21
2018 R14MonzaToro Rosso3-0.07+0.27+0.0914-1.60—
2018 R15SingaporeToro Rosso3+0.44-0.13+0.1532+0.210.00
2018 R16SochiToro Rosso1+0.25+0.07+0.56———
2018 R17SuzukaToro Rosso3+0.45+0.38-0.2229-1.66-1.66
2018 R18AustinToro Rosso2+0.62+0.10+0.1524-1.77-1.48
2018 R19Mexico CityToro Rosso2+0.89-0.05-0.1627+0.57-1.79
2018 R20São PauloToro Rosso3+0.45+0.36+0.6062-1.09-1.11
2018 R21Yas MarinaToro Rosso3+0.27-0.18+0.1118-0.98-1.21
2019 R01MelbourneRed Bull Racing2-0.14-0.41+0.3410+0.64-3.00
2019 R02SakhirRed Bull Racing3+0.09+0.17+0.1528+0.42+0.36
2019 R03ShanghaiRed Bull Racing2+0.20+0.75+0.3245+0.63-0.16
2019 R04BakuRed Bull Racing1+0.54+1.53-0.1628-0.45+0.90
2019 R05BarcelonaRed Bull Racing3+0.63+1.03+0.1450-0.27+0.05
2019 R06Monte CarloRed Bull Racing3+0.77+0.26+0.3854-0.66-0.23
2019 R07MontréalRed Bull Racing3+0.49+0.85+0.2141-1.03-1.85
2019 R08Le CastelletRed Bull Racing3+0.12+0.47+0.4832-0.01+0.19
2019 R09SpielbergRed Bull Racing3+0.92+0.86+0.4232-0.49-0.67
2019 R10SilverstoneRed Bull Racing3+0.09+0.98+0.2119+0.35-0.97
2019 R11HockenheimRed Bull Racing3-0.04+0.35+0.080——
2019 R12BudapestRed Bull Racing2+0.40+1.23+0.289+1.53+2.73
2019 R13Spa-FrancorchampsToro Rosso1+0.72-0.48+0.0911-3.00+0.87
2019 R14MonzaToro Rosso3+0.65+0.85+0.5121+0.76+0.85
2019 R15SingaporeToro Rosso3+0.87+0.15+0.019-0.66-2.05
2019 R16SochiToro Rosso2+0.19+0.28+0.339-1.72-3.00
2019 R17SuzukaToro Rosso3+0.47+0.27+0.3141-0.24-0.55
2019 R18Mexico CityToro Rosso30.00+0.40+0.2646+0.99+0.99
2019 R19AustinToro Rosso3+0.03+0.11+0.1742-0.81-0.21
2019 R20São PauloToro Rosso3+0.12+0.10+0.0845-0.62+0.23
2019 R21Yas IslandToro Rosso3+0.44+0.11-0.0846-1.31+1.18
2020 R01SpielbergAlphaTauri3+0.46+0.18+0.5844+0.73+0.14
2020 R02SpielbergAlphaTauri————35-1.39-1.87
2020 R03BudapestAlphaTauri2+0.40+0.11+0.150——
2020 R04SilverstoneAlphaTauri3+0.18+0.25+0.3314+0.40+0.51
2020 R05SilverstoneAlphaTauri3+0.51+0.62+0.3236+0.23-0.01
2020 R06BarcelonaAlphaTauri3+0.03+0.20+0.2016-1.48-2.44
2020 R07Spa-FrancorchampsAlphaTauri3+0.40+0.08-0.1816-0.75-1.14
2020 R08MonzaAlphaTauri3-0.08+0.89+0.1431-0.27-0.54
2020 R09MugelloAlphaTauri2+0.47-0.31-0.05———
2020 R10SochiAlphaTauri3+0.61+0.08+0.2926+0.58+0.75
2020 R11NürburgringAlphaTauri3+0.54-0.09+0.1720+0.20+0.32
2020 R12PortimãoAlphaTauri3-0.18+0.03+0.2334+0.47+0.43
2020 R13ImolaAlphaTauri3+0.14+0.37+0.040——
2020 R15SakhirAlphaTauri3+0.11+0.17+0.3136-0.87+0.56
2020 R16SakhirAlphaTauri3-0.06+0.15+0.2136+0.45-0.10
2020 R17Yas IslandAlphaTauri3+0.52+0.31+0.0831+0.17+0.60
2021 R01SakhirAlphaTauri30.00+0.36+0.2540-0.96-1.48
2021 R02ImolaAlphaTauri3+0.49+0.23+0.3714+0.67-0.71
2021 R03PortimãoAlphaTauri3+0.04+0.21+0.3925+0.39-0.06
2021 R04BarcelonaAlphaTauri3+0.42+0.54-0.04190.00+0.80
2021 R05Monte CarloAlphaTauri3+0.71-0.09+0.0473+0.56+0.48
2021 R06BakuAlphaTauri3+0.45+0.63+0.65200.00+0.30
2021 R07Le CastelletAlphaTauri3+0.05-0.30+0.4412+0.77+2.83
2021 R08SpielbergAlphaTauri3+0.09+0.33+0.22———
2021 R09SpielbergAlphaTauri3+0.10+0.47+0.4246+0.26+0.24
2021 R10SilverstoneAlphaTauri3-0.07-0.16+0.269+0.84-2.37
2021 R11BudapestAlphaTauri3+0.77+0.45+0.1441+0.99+0.42
2021 R13ZandvoortAlphaTauri3+0.90+0.93+0.2164-0.22-0.04
2021 R14MonzaAlphaTauri3+0.31+1.35+0.230——
2021 R15SochiAlphaTauri————22+0.36+0.36
2021 R16IstanbulAlphaTauri2+0.60+1.06-0.02———
2021 R17AustinAlphaTauri3+0.08+0.62+0.400——
2021 R18Mexico CityAlphaTauri3+0.32+0.56+0.1964+0.30+0.08
2021 R19São PauloAlphaTauri3+0.63+0.34+0.3138+0.30+0.61
2021 R20LusailAlphaTauri3+0.35+0.52+0.0734-0.33-0.77
2021 R21JeddahAlphaTauri3+0.47+0.98+0.3021+0.37+0.56
2021 R22Yas IslandAlphaTauri2+0.19+0.53+0.0621+0.86+1.57

HOW THIS IS CALCULATED

The definitions behind every number on this page. The full specification lives with the pipeline code (backend/pipeline/signature/SPEC.md).

REGULATION ERAS

An era is a period under one set of technical rules. When the rules change, every car brakes, turns and wears its tyres differently, so a driver's style relative to the field can shift too. Signatures are therefore computed separately for each era, and the driver page shows the most recent era with at least one scored axis. These eras are defined by the car rules, separate from the storytelling eras elsewhere on the site.

ERAWHAT DEFINES ITDATA IN THIS DATASET
LATE HYBRID
2018–2021
THIS PAGE
1.6-litre V6 turbo hybrid power units, used since 2014, in the wider, higher-downforce cars on wider tyres introduced in 2017.
The era starts in 2018, the first season of the official timing archive, although its car rules date from 2017.
2018–2021
30 drivers scored
GROUND EFFECT
2022–2025
Most downforce comes from two Venturi tunnels under the floor, with simplified wings and 18-inch low-profile tyres, so that cars can follow each other more closely.
2022–2025
31 drivers scored
ACTIVE AERO
2026 onwards
Front and rear wings switch between a corner mode and a low-drag straight mode, replacing DRS. Cars are shorter, narrower and lighter (768 kg), the floor tunnels are gone, and power is split roughly half and half between combustion and electric, with the MGU-H removed and fully sustainable fuel.
Energy recovery is a bigger part of each lap: drivers lift off before braking to recharge and cars harvest at full throttle at the end of straights. Throttle and braking traces reflect energy management as well as driving style.
2026
22 drivers scored

THE FIELD

Every measurement is a difference from the other cars in the same session. Comparing within a session cancels out the track, the weather, the tyre generation and the overall speed of that year's cars, which is what makes different weekends comparable. For each corner, or each race, the driver's value has the field median subtracted and is divided by the field's spread (a robust z-score, capped at ±3). A value of +1 means one typical field spread better than the median driver.

FROM LAPS TO A SCORE

  1. Pick the laps. Qualifying: up to 3 push laps per driver, within 1% of their own best and 107% of the fastest lap, on dry tyres, not deleted for track limits and not run under red or yellow flags. Race: clean laps only, meaning not lap 1, no pit laps, no safety car, virtual safety car, red or yellow flag, dry tyres, at least 1.5 s behind the car ahead, and within 107% of the driver's stint median.
  2. Measure.Corners are the slowest points of the session's fastest lap (dips of at least 25km/h). Every lap is mapped onto that lap's line, so all drivers' brake points and apexes share one distance scale. Full throttle means 98% pedal or more, and a lift is a drop of 10points. In the race, each stint's lap times are corrected for fuel (0.055 s per lap of fuel still on board) and fitted against tyre age: the slope is degradation (at least 8 clean laps), and the scatter around the line is consistency (at least 6).
  3. Compare with the field. Each corner needs at least 8 field laps; tyre degradation is compared on the same compound when at least 4 stints used it.
  4. Combine over the era. A weighted average of the session values. An axis is only scored with at least 5 qualifying sessions and 150 lap-corners, or 5 races and 8 stints; otherwise it stays empty rather than guessed.
  5. Rank.The 0–100 score is the driver-era's percentile among every driver-era in the dataset, so 50 is typical.
  6. Confidence.The driver's sessions are resampled 400 times and re-ranked. The 90% range runs from the 5th to the 95th percentile of those ranks, and confidence is 1 minus the average width of the ranges.

COMPARISON GROUPS

ERA AVG

The average of every driver scored in the same regulation era. It sits close to 50 on every axis: a typical driver.

ALL-TIME

The average of every driver-era in the dataset. Scores are ranks among those same driver-eras, so it sits at 50 on every axis by construction.

CHAMPIONS

World champions in the eras they won their titles, from the final standings of completed seasons. In the dataset: Lewis Hamilton (2018, 2019, 2020), Max Verstappen (2021, 2022, 2023, 2024), Lando Norris (2025).

TEAMMATES

The driver's teammates in this era, weighted by sessions shared. Same car, so this is the fairest comparison.

AXES

AXISMEASURESHIGHER MEANSDATA
STEERING SMOOTHNESSHow smoothly the driver steers through each corner.Not measured yet. No public feed carries steering angle; it will come from onboard video.NEEDS ONBOARD VIDEO
ENTRY AGGRESSIONSpeed as the driver comes off the brake, and the minimum speed through the corner.Carries more speed off the brake and through the slowest point.QUALIFYING PUSH LAPS · CORNER BY CORNER
TYRE MANAGEMENTHow fast lap times drop off as the tyres age, corrected for fuel load.Loses less time per lap of tyre age than the field on the same compound.CLEAN RACE LAPS · PER STINT
THROTTLE APPLICATIONDistance from the slowest point of the corner to full throttle, and the number of throttle lifts in between.Reaches full throttle sooner after the apex, with fewer lifts.QUALIFYING PUSH LAPS · CORNER BY CORNER
BRAKINGWhere the driver starts braking for each corner, and how long the braking zone lasts.Brakes later and over a shorter distance than the field.QUALIFYING PUSH LAPS · CORNER BY CORNER
CONSISTENCYHow much clean lap times vary within a stint once the tyre-wear trend is removed.Smaller lap-to-lap variation than the field in the same race.CLEAN RACE LAPS · PER STINT

DATA AND COVERAGE

Source: Official F1 live-timing feed, read through TracingInsights' public FastF1 extraction (2018–2022) and the OpenF1 historical API (2023–2026). The feed gives car data (speed, throttle, brake on/off, gear) about 3.7 times a second, car positions, laps, tyre stints, gaps and race-control messages. It does not carry steering angle or brake pressure. 180 qualifying sessions and 186 races are scored.

SEASONWEEKENDSQUALIFYINGRACESNOT SCORED
20182120/2120/21
Australian qualifying: no race-control messages in the source, so flags cannot be applied
Australian race: no race-control messages in the source, so flags cannot be applied
20192121/2121/21—
20201715/1717/17
Styrian qualifying: wet
Turkish qualifying: wet
20212220/2222/22
Belgian qualifying: wet
Russian qualifying: mixed conditions, 6 drivers on dry tyres
20222220/2222/22
Canadian qualifying: wet
British qualifying: wet
20232221/2222/22
Dutch qualifying: mixed conditions, 9 drivers on dry tyres
20242422/2424/24
Belgian qualifying: wet
São Paulo qualifying: wet
20252422/2424/24
Azerbaijan qualifying: no lap data in the public feed
Las Vegas qualifying: wet
202619 (+4 still to run)19/1919/19—

KNOWN LIMITATIONS

  • The field includes faster and slower cars, so a driver in a quick car scores higher on car-sensitive measures such as minimum corner speed. The teammate comparison is where the car is held constant.
  • The braking point is not adjusted for approach speed: a driver who exits the previous corner faster arrives quicker and has to brake earlier. Braking describes style more than pace.
  • Tyre management cannot tell tyre wear apart from a driver deliberately controlling pace, so its ranges are wide.
  • From 2026, throttle and braking traces also reflect energy recovery (lifting before braking, harvesting at full throttle), not only driving style.
  • Steering smoothness needs steering angle, which no public feed carries. It is never estimated and will come from onboard video, along with seasons before 2018.

PIPELINE TIMING-0.1.0 · GENERATED 2026-11-02 · OFFICIAL F1 LIVE-TIMING FEED, READ THROUGH TRACINGINSIGHTS' PUBLIC FASTF1 EXTRACTION (2018–2022) AND THE OPENF1 HISTORICAL API (2023–2026)