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DRIVING SIGNATURE · FULL METRICS

Alexander Albon

Ground effect era (2022–2025) · data from 2022–2025 · Williams

LATE HYBRID · 2019–2020GROUND EFFECT · 2022–2025ACTIVE AERO · 2026

LAPS USED

2,372

QUALIFYING

80

RACES

82

AXES SCORED

5/6

CONFIDENCE

0.74

How this is calculated — the era, the field, the comparison groups and every threshold.

OVERVIEW

Each axis is a 0–100 rank among every driver-era in the dataset, built from differences to the same-session field. The 90% range is where nine in ten resampled scores land. Rank is within the ground effect field.

STEERINGSMOOTHNESSPENDINGENTRY AGGRESSIONTYRE MANAGEMENTTHROTTLE APPLICATIONBRAKINGCONSISTENCY

DASHED: ERA AVG — The average of every driver scored in the same regulation era. It sits close to 50 on every axis: a typical driver.

AXISSCORE90% RANGERANKERA AVGALL-TIMECHAMPIONSTEAMMATES
STEERINGPENDING——————
ENTRY2925–3323/2951509228
TYRE MGMT6526–8711/3047505123
THROTTLE31–529/2949507620
BRAKING2221–3325/2951507824
CONSISTENCY6230–7712/3149508136

AXIS BY AXIS

What each axis measures, where the driver sits among this era's drivers, the raw differences behind the score, and how it moved from weekend to weekend.

ENTRY AGGRESSION

QUALIFYING PUSH LAPS · CORNER BY CORNER

Speed as the driver comes off the brake, and the minimum speed through the corner.

29/ 100
RANK 23 OF 29 · GROUND EFFECT FIELD
90% RANGE 25–33

Higher means: Carries more speed off the brake and through the slowest point.

0255075100Fernando Alonso (Aston Martin): 41Kimi Antonelli (Mercedes): 78Oliver Bearman (Haas F1 Team): 51Gabriel Bortoleto (Kick Sauber): 12Valtteri Bottas (Alfa Romeo): 31Franco Colapinto (Alpine): 38Pierre Gasly (Alpine): 82Isack Hadjar (Racing Bulls): 71Lewis Hamilton (Mercedes): 55Nico Hulkenberg (Haas F1 Team): 35Nicholas Latifi (Williams): 3Liam Lawson (Racing Bulls): 50Charles Leclerc (Ferrari): 83Kevin Magnussen (Haas F1 Team): 28Mick Schumacher (Haas F1 Team): 64Lando Norris (McLaren): 97Esteban Ocon (Alpine): 34Sergio Perez (Red Bull Racing): 70Oscar Piastri (McLaren): 96Daniel Ricciardo (McLaren): 69George Russell (Mercedes): 76Carlos Sainz (Ferrari): 54Logan Sargeant (Williams): 20Lance Stroll (Aston Martin): 19Yuki Tsunoda (AlphaTauri): 48Max Verstappen (Red Bull Racing): 80Sebastian Vettel (Aston Martin): 43Guanyu Zhou (Alfa Romeo): 23Alexander Albon: 29

● DRIVER · ○ TEAMMATE · ● REST OF ERA · ┊ ERA AVG · SHADED: 90% RANGE

ON AVERAGE, AGAINST THE SAME-SESSION FIELD

2.5 km/h less speed as the brake comes off.

1.3 km/h lower minimum corner speed.

WEEKEND BY WEEKEND · ABOVE THE LINE = BETTER THAN THAT SESSION'S FIELD

2022202320242025
2022 Sakhir: -0.172022 Jeddah: -0.732022 Melbourne: -0.312022 Imola: no usable session2022 Miami: -0.502022 Barcelona: -0.632022 Monaco: -0.392022 Baku: no usable session2022 Montréal: no usable session2022 Spielberg: -0.192022 Le Castellet: -0.262022 Budapest: -0.742022 Spa-Francorchamps: -0.352022 Zandvoort: -0.452022 Suzuka: -0.712022 Austin: -0.452022 Mexico City: -0.852022 São Paulo: +0.162022 Yas Island: -1.092023 Sakhir: -0.332023 Jeddah: -0.682023 Melbourne: +0.022023 Baku: -0.032023 Miami: -0.012023 Monte Carlo: -0.232023 Catalunya: -0.302023 Montreal: +0.442023 Spielberg: -0.252023 Silverstone: +0.372023 Hungaroring: -0.742023 Spa-Francorchamps: no usable session2023 Zandvoort: no usable session2023 Monza: +0.202023 Singapore: -0.192023 Suzuka: -0.282023 Lusail: -0.432023 Austin: -0.872023 Mexico City: -0.372023 Interlagos: -0.192023 Las Vegas: -0.062023 Yas Marina Circuit: -0.502024 Sakhir: -0.362024 Jeddah: -0.412024 Melbourne: -0.362024 Suzuka: -0.322024 Shanghai: -0.132024 Miami: -0.532024 Imola: -0.562024 Monte Carlo: +0.162024 Montreal: +0.122024 Catalunya: -0.622024 Spielberg: -0.652024 Silverstone: -0.232024 Hungaroring: -0.322024 Spa-Francorchamps: no usable session2024 Zandvoort: 0.002024 Monza: -0.112024 Baku: -0.372024 Singapore: -0.122024 Austin: -0.512024 Mexico City: -0.082024 Las Vegas: -0.942024 Lusail: -0.542024 Yas Marina Circuit: -1.192025 Melbourne: -0.102025 Shanghai: -0.482025 Suzuka: -0.572025 Sakhir: -0.852025 Jeddah: -0.532025 Miami: -0.322025 Imola: -0.112025 Monte Carlo: +0.162025 Catalunya: -0.242025 Montreal: -0.182025 Spielberg: -0.452025 Silverstone: -0.452025 Spa-Francorchamps: -0.022025 Hungaroring: -0.642025 Zandvoort: -0.662025 Monza: +0.022025 Baku: no usable session2025 Singapore: -0.272025 Austin: -0.692025 Mexico City: -0.932025 Interlagos: -1.032025 Las Vegas: no usable session2025 Lusail: -0.442025 Yas Marina Circuit: -0.78

80 SESSIONS · 1487 LAP-CORNERS · MINIMUM 5 QUALIFYING SESSIONS AND 150 LAP-CORNERS

TYRE MANAGEMENT

CLEAN RACE LAPS · PER STINT

How fast lap times drop off as the tyres age, corrected for fuel load.

65/ 100
RANK 11 OF 30 · GROUND EFFECT FIELD
90% RANGE 26–87

Higher means: Loses less time per lap of tyre age than the field on the same compound.

0255075100Fernando Alonso (Aston Martin): 96Kimi Antonelli (Mercedes): 85Oliver Bearman (Haas F1 Team): 90Gabriel Bortoleto (Kick Sauber): 5Valtteri Bottas (Alfa Romeo): 14Franco Colapinto (Alpine): 21Nyck De Vries (AlphaTauri): 12Pierre Gasly (Alpine): 27Isack Hadjar (Racing Bulls): 51Lewis Hamilton (Mercedes): 55Nico Hulkenberg (Haas F1 Team): 23Nicholas Latifi (Williams): 7Liam Lawson (Racing Bulls): 76Charles Leclerc (Ferrari): 41Kevin Magnussen (Haas F1 Team): 19Mick Schumacher (Haas F1 Team): 32Lando Norris (McLaren): 57Esteban Ocon (Alpine): 66Sergio Perez (Red Bull Racing): 13Oscar Piastri (McLaren): 77Daniel Ricciardo (McLaren): 73George Russell (Mercedes): 71Carlos Sainz (Ferrari): 68Logan Sargeant (Williams): 1Lance Stroll (Aston Martin): 30Yuki Tsunoda (AlphaTauri): 45Max Verstappen (Red Bull Racing): 48Sebastian Vettel (Aston Martin): 97Guanyu Zhou (Alfa Romeo): 31Alexander Albon: 65

● DRIVER · ○ TEAMMATE · ● REST OF ERA · ┊ ERA AVG · SHADED: 90% RANGE

ON AVERAGE, AGAINST THE SAME-SESSION FIELD

Loses 0.065 s per lap of tyre age after fuel correction, 0.009 s/lap more than the race median.

WEEKEND BY WEEKEND · ABOVE THE LINE = BETTER THAN THAT SESSION'S FIELD

2022202320242025
2022 Sakhir: -0.742022 Jeddah: +3.002022 Melbourne: +2.792022 Imola: -1.762022 Miami: -0.452022 Barcelona: -1.272022 Monaco: +1.482022 Baku: -0.392022 Montréal: -0.312022 Spielberg: +0.672022 Le Castellet: -0.792022 Budapest: -1.372022 Spa-Francorchamps: +0.092022 Zandvoort: -0.112022 Suzuka: no usable session2022 Austin: -0.622022 Mexico City: +0.592022 São Paulo: +0.132022 Yas Island: -1.302023 Sakhir: -0.062023 Jeddah: no usable session2023 Melbourne: no usable session2023 Baku: -0.062023 Miami: -3.002023 Monte Carlo: -2.502023 Catalunya: +0.312023 Montreal: +0.992023 Spielberg: +0.522023 Silverstone: +0.782023 Hungaroring: +0.662023 Spa-Francorchamps: -1.082023 Zandvoort: +1.402023 Monza: -0.192023 Singapore: -0.032023 Suzuka: -0.222023 Lusail: +0.082023 Austin: +0.572023 Mexico City: +0.822023 Interlagos: no usable session2023 Las Vegas: 0.002023 Yas Marina Circuit: -0.032024 Sakhir: -0.822024 Jeddah: +1.962024 Melbourne: +0.532024 Suzuka: no usable session2024 Shanghai: +0.802024 Miami: +0.042024 Imola: 0.002024 Monte Carlo: +0.392024 Montreal: no usable session2024 Catalunya: +0.942024 Spielberg: -0.272024 Silverstone: +1.472024 Hungaroring: +0.402024 Spa-Francorchamps: +0.672024 Zandvoort: +0.812024 Monza: +0.452024 Baku: -1.112024 Singapore: no usable session2024 Austin: -0.332024 Mexico City: no usable session2024 Las Vegas: -2.222024 Lusail: -3.002024 Yas Marina Circuit: -1.002025 Melbourne: no usable session2025 Shanghai: +0.602025 Suzuka: +2.122025 Sakhir: -2.892025 Jeddah: -0.632025 Miami: +1.262025 Imola: -0.182025 Monte Carlo: +1.462025 Catalunya: -3.002025 Montreal: no usable session2025 Spielberg: no usable session2025 Silverstone: no usable session2025 Spa-Francorchamps: -0.752025 Hungaroring: -1.062025 Zandvoort: +0.252025 Monza: +0.932025 Baku: -0.272025 Singapore: +0.152025 Austin: -0.832025 Mexico City: -0.142025 Interlagos: -0.262025 Las Vegas: -0.872025 Lusail: +1.272025 Yas Marina Circuit: -0.43

76 SESSIONS · 118 STINTS · MINIMUM 5 RACES AND 8 STINTS

THROTTLE APPLICATION

QUALIFYING PUSH LAPS · CORNER BY CORNER

Distance from the slowest point of the corner to full throttle, and the number of throttle lifts in between.

3/ 100
RANK 29 OF 29 · GROUND EFFECT FIELD
90% RANGE 1–5

Higher means: Reaches full throttle sooner after the apex, with fewer lifts.

0255075100Fernando Alonso (Aston Martin): 72Kimi Antonelli (Mercedes): 65Oliver Bearman (Haas F1 Team): 28Gabriel Bortoleto (Kick Sauber): 55Valtteri Bottas (Alfa Romeo): 41Franco Colapinto (Alpine): 8Pierre Gasly (Alpine): 80Isack Hadjar (Racing Bulls): 82Lewis Hamilton (Mercedes): 38Nico Hulkenberg (Haas F1 Team): 48Nicholas Latifi (Williams): 6Liam Lawson (Racing Bulls): 77Charles Leclerc (Ferrari): 40Kevin Magnussen (Haas F1 Team): 44Mick Schumacher (Haas F1 Team): 23Lando Norris (McLaren): 52Esteban Ocon (Alpine): 15Sergio Perez (Red Bull Racing): 99Oscar Piastri (McLaren): 31Daniel Ricciardo (McLaren): 59George Russell (Mercedes): 81Carlos Sainz (Ferrari): 50Logan Sargeant (Williams): 10Lance Stroll (Aston Martin): 86Yuki Tsunoda (AlphaTauri): 71Max Verstappen (Red Bull Racing): 98Sebastian Vettel (Aston Martin): 51Guanyu Zhou (Alfa Romeo): 14Alexander Albon: 3

● DRIVER · ○ TEAMMATE · ● REST OF ERA · ┊ ERA AVG · SHADED: 90% RANGE

ON AVERAGE, AGAINST THE SAME-SESSION FIELD

Reaches full throttle 18.3 m further from the apex than the field median.

WEEKEND BY WEEKEND · ABOVE THE LINE = BETTER THAN THAT SESSION'S FIELD

2022202320242025
2022 Sakhir: -0.692022 Jeddah: -1.192022 Melbourne: -1.552022 Imola: no usable session2022 Miami: -0.512022 Barcelona: -1.372022 Monaco: -0.412022 Baku: no usable session2022 Montréal: no usable session2022 Spielberg: -0.322022 Le Castellet: -0.342022 Budapest: -0.392022 Spa-Francorchamps: -1.262022 Zandvoort: -0.692022 Suzuka: -0.492022 Austin: -0.612022 Mexico City: -0.842022 São Paulo: -0.122022 Yas Island: -0.502023 Sakhir: -0.582023 Jeddah: -0.612023 Melbourne: -0.902023 Baku: -0.652023 Miami: -0.172023 Monte Carlo: -0.432023 Catalunya: -0.892023 Montreal: +0.422023 Spielberg: -0.522023 Silverstone: -0.482023 Hungaroring: -0.472023 Spa-Francorchamps: no usable session2023 Zandvoort: no usable session2023 Monza: -0.492023 Singapore: -0.782023 Suzuka: -0.422023 Lusail: -0.512023 Austin: -0.482023 Mexico City: -0.972023 Interlagos: -0.492023 Las Vegas: -0.422023 Yas Marina Circuit: -0.662024 Sakhir: -0.402024 Jeddah: -0.382024 Melbourne: -1.202024 Suzuka: -0.472024 Shanghai: -0.762024 Miami: -0.882024 Imola: -0.922024 Monte Carlo: -0.822024 Montreal: -0.352024 Catalunya: -1.162024 Spielberg: -0.642024 Silverstone: -0.502024 Hungaroring: -0.592024 Spa-Francorchamps: no usable session2024 Zandvoort: -0.262024 Monza: -0.552024 Baku: -0.692024 Singapore: -0.572024 Austin: -1.092024 Mexico City: -0.822024 Las Vegas: -0.742024 Lusail: -0.552024 Yas Marina Circuit: -0.792025 Melbourne: -0.552025 Shanghai: -0.822025 Suzuka: -0.582025 Sakhir: -0.432025 Jeddah: -0.422025 Miami: 0.002025 Imola: -0.602025 Monte Carlo: -0.762025 Catalunya: -0.532025 Montreal: -0.122025 Spielberg: -0.482025 Silverstone: -0.522025 Spa-Francorchamps: -0.972025 Hungaroring: -0.492025 Zandvoort: -0.492025 Monza: -0.042025 Baku: no usable session2025 Singapore: -0.462025 Austin: -0.762025 Mexico City: -0.722025 Interlagos: -0.302025 Las Vegas: no usable session2025 Lusail: -0.352025 Yas Marina Circuit: -0.17

80 SESSIONS · 1376 LAP-CORNERS · MINIMUM 5 QUALIFYING SESSIONS AND 150 LAP-CORNERS

BRAKING

QUALIFYING PUSH LAPS · CORNER BY CORNER

Where the driver starts braking for each corner, and how long the braking zone lasts.

22/ 100
RANK 25 OF 29 · GROUND EFFECT FIELD
90% RANGE 21–33

Higher means: Brakes later and over a shorter distance than the field.

0255075100Fernando Alonso (Aston Martin): 76Kimi Antonelli (Mercedes): 62Oliver Bearman (Haas F1 Team): 41Gabriel Bortoleto (Kick Sauber): 23Valtteri Bottas (Alfa Romeo): 36Franco Colapinto (Alpine): 18Pierre Gasly (Alpine): 64Isack Hadjar (Racing Bulls): 82Lewis Hamilton (Mercedes): 77Nico Hulkenberg (Haas F1 Team): 48Nicholas Latifi (Williams): 3Liam Lawson (Racing Bulls): 51Charles Leclerc (Ferrari): 67Kevin Magnussen (Haas F1 Team): 34Mick Schumacher (Haas F1 Team): 19Lando Norris (McLaren): 80Esteban Ocon (Alpine): 20Sergio Perez (Red Bull Racing): 45Oscar Piastri (McLaren): 83Daniel Ricciardo (McLaren): 71George Russell (Mercedes): 72Carlos Sainz (Ferrari): 35Logan Sargeant (Williams): 28Lance Stroll (Aston Martin): 65Yuki Tsunoda (AlphaTauri): 87Max Verstappen (Red Bull Racing): 56Sebastian Vettel (Aston Martin): 50Guanyu Zhou (Alfa Romeo): 54Alexander Albon: 22

● DRIVER · ○ TEAMMATE · ● REST OF ERA · ┊ ERA AVG · SHADED: 90% RANGE

ON AVERAGE, AGAINST THE SAME-SESSION FIELD

Starts braking 2.8 m earlier than the field median.

WEEKEND BY WEEKEND · ABOVE THE LINE = BETTER THAN THAT SESSION'S FIELD

2022202320242025
2022 Sakhir: -0.512022 Jeddah: -0.802022 Melbourne: -0.772022 Imola: no usable session2022 Miami: -0.712022 Barcelona: -1.022022 Monaco: -0.532022 Baku: no usable session2022 Montréal: no usable session2022 Spielberg: -0.212022 Le Castellet: -0.092022 Budapest: -0.382022 Spa-Francorchamps: -0.512022 Zandvoort: -0.842022 Suzuka: -0.742022 Austin: -0.312022 Mexico City: -0.282022 São Paulo: -0.342022 Yas Island: -1.462023 Sakhir: -0.892023 Jeddah: -0.932023 Melbourne: +0.022023 Baku: -0.582023 Miami: -0.212023 Monte Carlo: -0.292023 Catalunya: -1.132023 Montreal: -0.322023 Spielberg: -0.692023 Silverstone: +0.012023 Hungaroring: -0.252023 Spa-Francorchamps: no usable session2023 Zandvoort: no usable session2023 Monza: -0.482023 Singapore: -0.292023 Suzuka: -0.272023 Lusail: -0.422023 Austin: -0.392023 Mexico City: -0.552023 Interlagos: -0.182023 Las Vegas: -0.312023 Yas Marina Circuit: -0.442024 Sakhir: +0.072024 Jeddah: -0.562024 Melbourne: -0.222024 Suzuka: +0.052024 Shanghai: +0.202024 Miami: -0.432024 Imola: -0.352024 Monte Carlo: +0.132024 Montreal: -0.362024 Catalunya: -0.112024 Spielberg: -0.322024 Silverstone: -0.172024 Hungaroring: +0.082024 Spa-Francorchamps: no usable session2024 Zandvoort: -0.062024 Monza: -0.152024 Baku: -0.092024 Singapore: 0.002024 Austin: -0.182024 Mexico City: +0.242024 Las Vegas: -0.642024 Lusail: -0.372024 Yas Marina Circuit: -0.662025 Melbourne: -0.082025 Shanghai: -0.072025 Suzuka: -0.062025 Sakhir: -0.552025 Jeddah: -0.162025 Miami: -0.142025 Imola: -0.162025 Monte Carlo: +0.172025 Catalunya: -0.202025 Montreal: -0.332025 Spielberg: +0.432025 Silverstone: -0.472025 Spa-Francorchamps: -0.422025 Hungaroring: +0.242025 Zandvoort: -0.242025 Monza: -0.082025 Baku: no usable session2025 Singapore: -0.082025 Austin: -0.752025 Mexico City: +0.052025 Interlagos: -0.532025 Las Vegas: no usable session2025 Lusail: +0.132025 Yas Marina Circuit: +0.32

80 SESSIONS · 1358 LAP-CORNERS · MINIMUM 5 QUALIFYING SESSIONS AND 150 LAP-CORNERS

CONSISTENCY

CLEAN RACE LAPS · PER STINT

How much clean lap times vary within a stint once the tyre-wear trend is removed.

62/ 100
RANK 12 OF 31 · GROUND EFFECT FIELD
90% RANGE 30–77

Higher means: Smaller lap-to-lap variation than the field in the same race.

0255075100Fernando Alonso (Aston Martin): 38Kimi Antonelli (Mercedes): 81Oliver Bearman (Haas F1 Team): 36Gabriel Bortoleto (Kick Sauber): 25Valtteri Bottas (Alfa Romeo): 21Franco Colapinto (Alpine): 39Nyck De Vries (AlphaTauri): 33Jack Doohan (Alpine): 9Pierre Gasly (Alpine): 79Isack Hadjar (Racing Bulls): 55Lewis Hamilton (Mercedes): 46Nico Hulkenberg (Haas F1 Team): 19Nicholas Latifi (Williams): 5Liam Lawson (Racing Bulls): 70Charles Leclerc (Ferrari): 72Kevin Magnussen (Haas F1 Team): 11Mick Schumacher (Haas F1 Team): 13Lando Norris (McLaren): 75Esteban Ocon (Alpine): 83Sergio Perez (Red Bull Racing): 52Oscar Piastri (McLaren): 56Daniel Ricciardo (McLaren): 31George Russell (Mercedes): 93Carlos Sainz (Ferrari): 89Logan Sargeant (Williams): 16Lance Stroll (Aston Martin): 68Yuki Tsunoda (AlphaTauri): 42Max Verstappen (Red Bull Racing): 97Sebastian Vettel (Aston Martin): 78Guanyu Zhou (Alfa Romeo): 20Alexander Albon: 62

● DRIVER · ○ TEAMMATE · ● REST OF ERA · ┊ ERA AVG · SHADED: 90% RANGE

ON AVERAGE, AGAINST THE SAME-SESSION FIELD

Lap times scatter 0.299 s around the stint trend, 0.030 s looser than the field median.

WEEKEND BY WEEKEND · ABOVE THE LINE = BETTER THAN THAT SESSION'S FIELD

2022202320242025
2022 Sakhir: -0.132022 Jeddah: +0.702022 Melbourne: 0.002022 Imola: +1.052022 Miami: +0.412022 Barcelona: -0.352022 Monaco: +0.272022 Baku: +0.452022 Montréal: -0.112022 Spielberg: +0.492022 Le Castellet: +0.032022 Budapest: -0.762022 Spa-Francorchamps: +0.732022 Zandvoort: -0.322022 Suzuka: no usable session2022 Austin: -1.862022 Mexico City: +0.562022 São Paulo: -0.432022 Yas Island: +0.062023 Sakhir: +0.572023 Jeddah: -0.352023 Melbourne: no usable session2023 Baku: -0.402023 Miami: +0.692023 Monte Carlo: -1.352023 Catalunya: +0.602023 Montreal: +0.672023 Spielberg: +0.192023 Silverstone: +0.752023 Hungaroring: +0.412023 Spa-Francorchamps: -0.882023 Zandvoort: -0.892023 Monza: -0.112023 Singapore: +0.622023 Suzuka: -0.122023 Lusail: -1.482023 Austin: -0.582023 Mexico City: -0.392023 Interlagos: no usable session2023 Las Vegas: -0.242023 Yas Marina Circuit: +0.082024 Sakhir: -0.742024 Jeddah: -0.512024 Melbourne: -2.312024 Suzuka: no usable session2024 Shanghai: -0.852024 Miami: -3.002024 Imola: +0.202024 Monte Carlo: -0.472024 Montreal: no usable session2024 Catalunya: -0.692024 Spielberg: -0.432024 Silverstone: +1.442024 Hungaroring: -0.312024 Spa-Francorchamps: -0.012024 Zandvoort: -0.612024 Monza: -0.272024 Baku: +1.172024 Singapore: no usable session2024 Austin: +0.152024 Mexico City: no usable session2024 Las Vegas: -2.482024 Lusail: -3.002024 Yas Marina Circuit: -2.722025 Melbourne: no usable session2025 Shanghai: -0.962025 Suzuka: +0.452025 Sakhir: +0.992025 Jeddah: +0.232025 Miami: +0.012025 Imola: +0.242025 Monte Carlo: -1.302025 Catalunya: -0.622025 Montreal: +1.332025 Spielberg: no usable session2025 Silverstone: no usable session2025 Spa-Francorchamps: +0.672025 Hungaroring: +0.632025 Zandvoort: +0.432025 Monza: -0.692025 Baku: -0.672025 Singapore: -1.092025 Austin: -1.442025 Mexico City: -1.262025 Interlagos: +0.112025 Las Vegas: -0.382025 Lusail: +1.022025 Yas Marina Circuit: +0.84

78 SESSIONS · 136 STINTS · MINIMUM 5 RACES AND 8 STINTS

STEERING SMOOTHNESS

NEEDS ONBOARD VIDEO

How smoothly the driver steers through each corner.

PENDING

Not measured yet. No public feed carries steering angle; it will come from onboard video.

TEAMMATES

Same car, same sessions. Each cell is the average difference over the sessions they shared, in field-spread units: +0.30 means 0.3 of a typical field spread better on that axis. Qualifying H2H is the share of shared qualifying sessions where Albon's best lap was faster.

TEAMMATESHAREDQUALI H2HENTRYTYRE MGMTTHROTTLEBRAKINGCONSISTENCY
Logan Sargeant62
30 Q · 32 R
97%+0.21+0.88-0.28-0.09+0.39
Carlos Sainz43
22 Q · 21 R
46%0.00+0.10-0.44+0.16+0.06
Nicholas Latifi33
15 Q · 18 R
100%+0.45+0.20-0.15-0.02+1.27
Franco Colapinto14
8 Q · 6 R
75%-0.02-1.10-0.18+0.27-0.77

SESSION LOG

Every weekend in this era. Values are the difference from that session's field in field-spread units, green better and red worse. A dash means the session was skipped (wet, or no data) or the driver had no usable laps.

WEEKENDCIRCUITTEAMQ LAPSBRAKINGENTRYTHROTTLERACE LAPSCONSISTENCYTYRE MGMT
2022 R01SakhirWilliams3-0.51-0.17-0.6933-0.13-0.74
2022 R02JeddahWilliams1-0.80-0.73-1.1915+0.70+3.00
2022 R03MelbourneWilliams3-0.77-0.31-1.55240.00+2.79
2022 R04ImolaWilliams————15+1.05-1.76
2022 R05MiamiWilliams3-0.71-0.50-0.5125+0.41-0.45
2022 R06BarcelonaWilliams2-1.02-0.63-1.3744-0.35-1.27
2022 R07MonacoWilliams2-0.53-0.39-0.418+0.27+1.48
2022 R08BakuWilliams————25+0.45-0.39
2022 R09MontréalWilliams————34-0.11-0.31
2022 R11SpielbergWilliams3-0.21-0.19-0.3215+0.49+0.67
2022 R12Le CastelletWilliams3-0.09-0.26-0.3437+0.03-0.79
2022 R13BudapestWilliams3-0.38-0.74-0.3954-0.76-1.37
2022 R14Spa-FrancorchampsWilliams3-0.51-0.35-1.2628+0.73+0.09
2022 R15ZandvoortWilliams1-0.84-0.45-0.6937-0.32-0.11
2022 R18SuzukaWilliams2-0.74-0.71-0.49———
2022 R19AustinWilliams3-0.31-0.45-0.6120-1.86-0.62
2022 R20Mexico CityWilliams3-0.28-0.85-0.8453+0.56+0.59
2022 R21São PauloWilliams3-0.34+0.16-0.1239-0.43+0.13
2022 R22Yas IslandWilliams2-1.46-1.09-0.5036+0.06-1.30
2023 R01SakhirWilliams2-0.89-0.33-0.5841+0.57-0.06
2023 R02JeddahWilliams2-0.93-0.68-0.616-0.35—
2023 R03MelbourneWilliams3+0.02+0.02-0.900——
2023 R04BakuWilliams3-0.58-0.03-0.6516-0.40-0.06
2023 R05MiamiWilliams3-0.21-0.01-0.1719+0.69-3.00
2023 R06Monte CarloWilliams3-0.29-0.23-0.439-1.35-2.50
2023 R07CatalunyaWilliams1-1.13-0.30-0.8951+0.60+0.31
2023 R08MontrealWilliams2-0.32+0.44+0.4236+0.67+0.99
2023 R09SpielbergWilliams3-0.69-0.25-0.5248+0.19+0.52
2023 R10SilverstoneWilliams3+0.01+0.37-0.4819+0.75+0.78
2023 R11HungaroringWilliams3-0.25-0.74-0.4753+0.41+0.66
2023 R12Spa-FrancorchampsWilliams————8-0.88-1.08
2023 R13ZandvoortWilliams————30-0.89+1.40
2023 R14MonzaWilliams3-0.48+0.20-0.4946-0.11-0.19
2023 R15SingaporeWilliams2-0.29-0.19-0.789+0.62-0.03
2023 R16SuzukaWilliams3-0.27-0.28-0.4211-0.12-0.22
2023 R17LusailWilliams3-0.42-0.43-0.5129-1.48+0.08
2023 R18AustinWilliams2-0.39-0.87-0.4836-0.58+0.57
2023 R19Mexico CityWilliams2-0.55-0.37-0.9744-0.39+0.82
2023 R20InterlagosWilliams3-0.18-0.19-0.49———
2023 R21Las VegasWilliams2-0.31-0.06-0.4212-0.240.00
2023 R22Yas Marina CircuitWilliams3-0.44-0.50-0.6640+0.08-0.03
2024 R01SakhirWilliams3+0.07-0.36-0.4031-0.74-0.82
2024 R02JeddahWilliams3-0.56-0.41-0.3813-0.51+1.96
2024 R03MelbourneWilliams3-0.22-0.36-1.2039-2.31+0.53
2024 R04SuzukaWilliams3+0.05-0.32-0.47———
2024 R05ShanghaiWilliams2+0.20-0.13-0.7616-0.85+0.80
2024 R06MiamiWilliams3-0.43-0.53-0.8811-3.00+0.04
2024 R07ImolaWilliams3-0.35-0.56-0.9233+0.200.00
2024 R08Monte CarloWilliams3+0.13+0.16-0.8223-0.47+0.39
2024 R09MontrealWilliams3-0.36+0.12-0.35———
2024 R10CatalunyaWilliams2-0.11-0.62-1.1646-0.69+0.94
2024 R11SpielbergWilliams3-0.32-0.65-0.6438-0.43-0.27
2024 R12SilverstoneWilliams3-0.17-0.23-0.508+1.44+1.47
2024 R13HungaroringWilliams2+0.08-0.32-0.5945-0.31+0.40
2024 R14Spa-FrancorchampsWilliams————17-0.01+0.67
2024 R15ZandvoortWilliams2-0.060.00-0.2636-0.61+0.81
2024 R16MonzaWilliams3-0.15-0.11-0.5543-0.27+0.45
2024 R17BakuWilliams3-0.09-0.37-0.6925+1.17-1.11
2024 R18SingaporeWilliams30.00-0.12-0.570——
2024 R19AustinWilliams2-0.18-0.51-1.0927+0.15-0.33
2024 R20Mexico CityWilliams3+0.24-0.08-0.82———
2024 R22Las VegasWilliams1-0.64-0.94-0.7410-2.48-2.22
2024 R23LusailWilliams3-0.37-0.54-0.559-3.00-3.00
2024 R24Yas Marina CircuitWilliams2-0.66-1.19-0.7940-2.72-1.00
2025 R01MelbourneWilliams3-0.08-0.10-0.55———
2025 R02ShanghaiWilliams3-0.07-0.48-0.8242-0.96+0.60
2025 R03SuzukaWilliams3-0.06-0.57-0.5835+0.45+2.12
2025 R04SakhirWilliams2-0.55-0.85-0.439+0.99-2.89
2025 R05JeddahWilliams3-0.16-0.53-0.4221+0.23-0.63
2025 R06MiamiWilliams3-0.14-0.320.0024+0.01+1.26
2025 R07ImolaWilliams3-0.16-0.11-0.6030+0.24-0.18
2025 R08Monte CarloWilliams3+0.17+0.16-0.7630-1.30+1.46
2025 R09CatalunyaWilliams3-0.20-0.24-0.5311-0.62-3.00
2025 R10MontrealWilliams3-0.33-0.18-0.126+1.33—
2025 R11SpielbergWilliams2+0.43-0.45-0.480——
2025 R12SilverstoneWilliams3-0.47-0.45-0.520——
2025 R13Spa-FrancorchampsWilliams3-0.42-0.02-0.9729+0.67-0.75
2025 R14HungaroringWilliams2+0.24-0.64-0.4937+0.63-1.06
2025 R15ZandvoortWilliams3-0.24-0.66-0.4935+0.43+0.25
2025 R16MonzaWilliams3-0.08+0.02-0.0423-0.69+0.93
2025 R17BakuWilliams————18-0.67-0.27
2025 R18SingaporeWilliams3-0.08-0.27-0.4627-1.09+0.15
2025 R19AustinWilliams1-0.75-0.69-0.7625-1.44-0.83
2025 R20Mexico CityWilliams3+0.05-0.93-0.7252-1.26-0.14
2025 R21InterlagosWilliams3-0.53-1.03-0.3032+0.11-0.26
2025 R22Las VegasWilliams————12-0.38-0.87
2025 R23LusailWilliams3+0.13-0.44-0.3518+1.02+1.27
2025 R24Yas Marina CircuitWilliams2+0.32-0.78-0.1732+0.84-0.43

HOW THIS IS CALCULATED

The definitions behind every number on this page. The full specification lives with the pipeline code (backend/pipeline/signature/SPEC.md).

REGULATION ERAS

An era is a period under one set of technical rules. When the rules change, every car brakes, turns and wears its tyres differently, so a driver's style relative to the field can shift too. Signatures are therefore computed separately for each era, and the driver page shows the most recent era with at least one scored axis. These eras are defined by the car rules, separate from the storytelling eras elsewhere on the site.

ERAWHAT DEFINES ITDATA IN THIS DATASET
LATE HYBRID
2018–2021
1.6-litre V6 turbo hybrid power units, used since 2014, in the wider, higher-downforce cars on wider tyres introduced in 2017.
The era starts in 2018, the first season of the official timing archive, although its car rules date from 2017.
2018–2021
30 drivers scored
GROUND EFFECT
2022–2025
THIS PAGE
Most downforce comes from two Venturi tunnels under the floor, with simplified wings and 18-inch low-profile tyres, so that cars can follow each other more closely.
2022–2025
31 drivers scored
ACTIVE AERO
2026 onwards
Front and rear wings switch between a corner mode and a low-drag straight mode, replacing DRS. Cars are shorter, narrower and lighter (768 kg), the floor tunnels are gone, and power is split roughly half and half between combustion and electric, with the MGU-H removed and fully sustainable fuel.
Energy recovery is a bigger part of each lap: drivers lift off before braking to recharge and cars harvest at full throttle at the end of straights. Throttle and braking traces reflect energy management as well as driving style.
2026
22 drivers scored

THE FIELD

Every measurement is a difference from the other cars in the same session. Comparing within a session cancels out the track, the weather, the tyre generation and the overall speed of that year's cars, which is what makes different weekends comparable. For each corner, or each race, the driver's value has the field median subtracted and is divided by the field's spread (a robust z-score, capped at ±3). A value of +1 means one typical field spread better than the median driver.

FROM LAPS TO A SCORE

  1. Pick the laps. Qualifying: up to 3 push laps per driver, within 1% of their own best and 107% of the fastest lap, on dry tyres, not deleted for track limits and not run under red or yellow flags. Race: clean laps only, meaning not lap 1, no pit laps, no safety car, virtual safety car, red or yellow flag, dry tyres, at least 1.5 s behind the car ahead, and within 107% of the driver's stint median.
  2. Measure.Corners are the slowest points of the session's fastest lap (dips of at least 25km/h). Every lap is mapped onto that lap's line, so all drivers' brake points and apexes share one distance scale. Full throttle means 98% pedal or more, and a lift is a drop of 10points. In the race, each stint's lap times are corrected for fuel (0.055 s per lap of fuel still on board) and fitted against tyre age: the slope is degradation (at least 8 clean laps), and the scatter around the line is consistency (at least 6).
  3. Compare with the field. Each corner needs at least 8 field laps; tyre degradation is compared on the same compound when at least 4 stints used it.
  4. Combine over the era. A weighted average of the session values. An axis is only scored with at least 5 qualifying sessions and 150 lap-corners, or 5 races and 8 stints; otherwise it stays empty rather than guessed.
  5. Rank.The 0–100 score is the driver-era's percentile among every driver-era in the dataset, so 50 is typical.
  6. Confidence.The driver's sessions are resampled 400 times and re-ranked. The 90% range runs from the 5th to the 95th percentile of those ranks, and confidence is 1 minus the average width of the ranges.

COMPARISON GROUPS

ERA AVG

The average of every driver scored in the same regulation era. It sits close to 50 on every axis: a typical driver.

ALL-TIME

The average of every driver-era in the dataset. Scores are ranks among those same driver-eras, so it sits at 50 on every axis by construction.

CHAMPIONS

World champions in the eras they won their titles, from the final standings of completed seasons. In the dataset: Lewis Hamilton (2018, 2019, 2020), Max Verstappen (2021, 2022, 2023, 2024), Lando Norris (2025).

TEAMMATES

The driver's teammates in this era, weighted by sessions shared. Same car, so this is the fairest comparison.

AXES

AXISMEASURESHIGHER MEANSDATA
STEERING SMOOTHNESSHow smoothly the driver steers through each corner.Not measured yet. No public feed carries steering angle; it will come from onboard video.NEEDS ONBOARD VIDEO
ENTRY AGGRESSIONSpeed as the driver comes off the brake, and the minimum speed through the corner.Carries more speed off the brake and through the slowest point.QUALIFYING PUSH LAPS · CORNER BY CORNER
TYRE MANAGEMENTHow fast lap times drop off as the tyres age, corrected for fuel load.Loses less time per lap of tyre age than the field on the same compound.CLEAN RACE LAPS · PER STINT
THROTTLE APPLICATIONDistance from the slowest point of the corner to full throttle, and the number of throttle lifts in between.Reaches full throttle sooner after the apex, with fewer lifts.QUALIFYING PUSH LAPS · CORNER BY CORNER
BRAKINGWhere the driver starts braking for each corner, and how long the braking zone lasts.Brakes later and over a shorter distance than the field.QUALIFYING PUSH LAPS · CORNER BY CORNER
CONSISTENCYHow much clean lap times vary within a stint once the tyre-wear trend is removed.Smaller lap-to-lap variation than the field in the same race.CLEAN RACE LAPS · PER STINT

DATA AND COVERAGE

Source: Official F1 live-timing feed, read through TracingInsights' public FastF1 extraction (2018–2022) and the OpenF1 historical API (2023–2026). The feed gives car data (speed, throttle, brake on/off, gear) about 3.7 times a second, car positions, laps, tyre stints, gaps and race-control messages. It does not carry steering angle or brake pressure. 180 qualifying sessions and 186 races are scored.

SEASONWEEKENDSQUALIFYINGRACESNOT SCORED
20182120/2120/21
Australian qualifying: no race-control messages in the source, so flags cannot be applied
Australian race: no race-control messages in the source, so flags cannot be applied
20192121/2121/21—
20201715/1717/17
Styrian qualifying: wet
Turkish qualifying: wet
20212220/2222/22
Belgian qualifying: wet
Russian qualifying: mixed conditions, 6 drivers on dry tyres
20222220/2222/22
Canadian qualifying: wet
British qualifying: wet
20232221/2222/22
Dutch qualifying: mixed conditions, 9 drivers on dry tyres
20242422/2424/24
Belgian qualifying: wet
São Paulo qualifying: wet
20252422/2424/24
Azerbaijan qualifying: no lap data in the public feed
Las Vegas qualifying: wet
202619 (+4 still to run)19/1919/19—

KNOWN LIMITATIONS

  • The field includes faster and slower cars, so a driver in a quick car scores higher on car-sensitive measures such as minimum corner speed. The teammate comparison is where the car is held constant.
  • The braking point is not adjusted for approach speed: a driver who exits the previous corner faster arrives quicker and has to brake earlier. Braking describes style more than pace.
  • Tyre management cannot tell tyre wear apart from a driver deliberately controlling pace, so its ranges are wide.
  • From 2026, throttle and braking traces also reflect energy recovery (lifting before braking, harvesting at full throttle), not only driving style.
  • Steering smoothness needs steering angle, which no public feed carries. It is never estimated and will come from onboard video, along with seasons before 2018.

PIPELINE TIMING-0.1.0 · GENERATED 2026-11-02 · OFFICIAL F1 LIVE-TIMING FEED, READ THROUGH TRACINGINSIGHTS' PUBLIC FASTF1 EXTRACTION (2018–2022) AND THE OPENF1 HISTORICAL API (2023–2026)