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DRIVING SIGNATURE · FULL METRICS

Lando Norris

Late hybrid era (2018–2021) · data from 2019–2021 · McLaren

LATE HYBRID · 2019–2021GROUND EFFECT · 2022–2025ACTIVE AERO · 2026

LAPS USED

2,150

QUALIFYING

56

RACES

55

AXES SCORED

5/6

CONFIDENCE

0.81

How this is calculated — the era, the field, the comparison groups and every threshold.

OVERVIEW

Each axis is a 0–100 rank among every driver-era in the dataset, built from differences to the same-session field. The 90% range is where nine in ten resampled scores land. Rank is within the late hybrid field.

STEERINGSMOOTHNESSPENDINGENTRY AGGRESSIONTYRE MANAGEMENTTHROTTLE APPLICATIONBRAKINGCONSISTENCY

DASHED: ERA AVG — The average of every driver scored in the same regulation era. It sits close to 50 on every axis: a typical driver.

AXISSCORE90% RANGERANKERA AVGALL-TIMECHAMPIONSTEAMMATES
STEERINGPENDING——————
ENTRY6758–738/3047509266
TYRE MGMT8157–918/3053505179
THROTTLE4536–5418/3050507664
BRAKING8884–945/3049507858
CONSISTENCY8776–962/3049508181

AXIS BY AXIS

What each axis measures, where the driver sits among this era's drivers, the raw differences behind the score, and how it moved from weekend to weekend.

ENTRY AGGRESSION

QUALIFYING PUSH LAPS · CORNER BY CORNER

Speed as the driver comes off the brake, and the minimum speed through the corner.

67/ 100
RANK 8 OF 30 · LATE HYBRID FIELD
90% RANGE 58–73

Higher means: Carries more speed off the brake and through the slowest point.

0255075100Alexander Albon (Red Bull Racing): 77Fernando Alonso (Alpine): 40Valtteri Bottas (Mercedes): 99Marcus Ericsson (Sauber): 65Pierre Gasly (AlphaTauri): 81Antonio Giovinazzi (Alfa Romeo Racing): 33Romain Grosjean (Haas F1 Team): 25Lewis Hamilton (Mercedes): 98Brendon Hartley (Toro Rosso): 46Nico Hulkenberg (Renault): 73Robert Kubica (Williams): 1Daniil Kvyat (Toro Rosso): 44Nicholas Latifi (Williams): 6Charles Leclerc (Ferrari): 59Kevin Magnussen (Haas F1 Team): 27Nikita Mazepin (Haas F1 Team): 2Mick Schumacher (Haas F1 Team): 13Esteban Ocon (Alpine): 49Sergio Perez (Racing Point): 45Kimi Räikkönen (Alfa Romeo Racing): 24Daniel Ricciardo (Renault): 90George Russell (Williams): 22Carlos Sainz (McLaren): 52Sergey Sirotkin (Williams): 4Lance Stroll (Racing Point): 17Yuki Tsunoda (AlphaTauri): 61Stoffel Vandoorne (McLaren): 15Max Verstappen (Red Bull Racing): 93Sebastian Vettel (Ferrari): 66Lando Norris: 67

● DRIVER · ○ TEAMMATE · ● REST OF ERA · ┊ ERA AVG · SHADED: 90% RANGE

ON AVERAGE, AGAINST THE SAME-SESSION FIELD

1.5 km/h more speed as the brake comes off.

0.9 km/h higher minimum corner speed.

WEEKEND BY WEEKEND · ABOVE THE LINE = BETTER THAN THAT SESSION'S FIELD

201920202021
2019 Melbourne: -0.292019 Sakhir: -0.102019 Shanghai: -0.312019 Baku: +0.362019 Barcelona: -0.252019 Monte Carlo: 0.002019 Montréal: -0.262019 Le Castellet: +0.392019 Spielberg: -0.122019 Silverstone: +0.192019 Hockenheim: +0.062019 Budapest: +0.202019 Spa-Francorchamps: -0.532019 Monza: -0.312019 Singapore: +0.062019 Sochi: +0.022019 Suzuka: +0.132019 Mexico City: +0.032019 Austin: +0.422019 São Paulo: -0.092019 Yas Island: -0.102020 Spielberg: +0.942020 Spielberg: no usable session2020 Budapest: +0.312020 Silverstone: +0.132020 Silverstone: +0.542020 Barcelona: -0.132020 Spa-Francorchamps: -0.252020 Monza: +0.562020 Mugello: +0.292020 Sochi: +0.062020 Nürburgring: +0.222020 Portimão: +0.182020 Imola: +0.762020 Sakhir: +0.322020 Sakhir: -0.382020 Yas Island: +0.092021 Sakhir: -0.202021 Imola: +0.712021 Portimão: +0.582021 Barcelona: -0.322021 Monte Carlo: -0.192021 Baku: +0.312021 Le Castellet: -0.672021 Spielberg: -0.022021 Spielberg: +0.122021 Silverstone: +1.942021 Budapest: +0.352021 Zandvoort: -0.072021 Monza: +0.052021 Sochi: no usable session2021 Istanbul: +0.392021 Austin: +0.042021 Mexico City: -0.082021 São Paulo: -0.442021 Lusail: -0.052021 Jeddah: +0.142021 Yas Island: -0.29

56 SESSIONS · 1200 LAP-CORNERS · MINIMUM 5 QUALIFYING SESSIONS AND 150 LAP-CORNERS

TYRE MANAGEMENT

CLEAN RACE LAPS · PER STINT

How fast lap times drop off as the tyres age, corrected for fuel load.

81/ 100
RANK 8 OF 30 · LATE HYBRID FIELD
90% RANGE 57–91

Higher means: Loses less time per lap of tyre age than the field on the same compound.

0255075100Alexander Albon (Red Bull Racing): 63Fernando Alonso (Alpine): 93Valtteri Bottas (Mercedes): 10Marcus Ericsson (Sauber): 84Pierre Gasly (AlphaTauri): 49Antonio Giovinazzi (Alfa Romeo Racing): 15Romain Grosjean (Haas F1 Team): 47Lewis Hamilton (Mercedes): 59Brendon Hartley (Toro Rosso): 79Nico Hulkenberg (Renault): 88Robert Kubica (Williams): 8Daniil Kvyat (Toro Rosso): 36Nicholas Latifi (Williams): 54Charles Leclerc (Ferrari): 18Kevin Magnussen (Haas F1 Team): 75Nikita Mazepin (Haas F1 Team): 4Mick Schumacher (Haas F1 Team): 16Esteban Ocon (Alpine): 86Sergio Perez (Racing Point): 60Kimi Räikkönen (Alfa Romeo Racing): 46Daniel Ricciardo (Renault): 87George Russell (Williams): 64Carlos Sainz (McLaren): 74Sergey Sirotkin (Williams): 9Lance Stroll (Racing Point): 26Yuki Tsunoda (AlphaTauri): 98Stoffel Vandoorne (McLaren): 91Max Verstappen (Red Bull Racing): 38Sebastian Vettel (Ferrari): 20Lando Norris: 81

● DRIVER · ○ TEAMMATE · ● REST OF ERA · ┊ ERA AVG · SHADED: 90% RANGE

ON AVERAGE, AGAINST THE SAME-SESSION FIELD

Loses 0.033 s per lap of tyre age after fuel correction, 0.011 s/lap less than the race median.

WEEKEND BY WEEKEND · ABOVE THE LINE = BETTER THAN THAT SESSION'S FIELD

201920202021
2019 Melbourne: +0.172019 Sakhir: +0.602019 Shanghai: -0.852019 Baku: -0.232019 Barcelona: +0.842019 Monte Carlo: +0.632019 Montréal: no usable session2019 Le Castellet: +0.042019 Spielberg: +0.102019 Silverstone: +0.042019 Hockenheim: no usable session2019 Budapest: +0.392019 Spa-Francorchamps: +0.242019 Monza: -0.262019 Singapore: -0.012019 Sochi: +0.792019 Suzuka: -0.232019 Mexico City: -0.482019 Austin: +0.442019 São Paulo: +0.632019 Yas Island: +0.532020 Spielberg: 0.002020 Spielberg: +0.362020 Budapest: -0.752020 Silverstone: +0.692020 Silverstone: +0.612020 Barcelona: +1.052020 Spa-Francorchamps: +1.002020 Monza: +0.572020 Mugello: +0.382020 Sochi: +0.162020 Nürburgring: -0.432020 Portimão: +0.262020 Imola: +0.052020 Sakhir: +1.582020 Sakhir: -0.452020 Yas Island: +0.052021 Sakhir: -0.192021 Imola: +0.042021 Portimão: +0.332021 Barcelona: +0.042021 Monte Carlo: -0.112021 Baku: -0.452021 Le Castellet: +0.542021 Spielberg: +0.612021 Spielberg: -1.002021 Silverstone: -0.222021 Budapest: no usable session2021 Zandvoort: -2.292021 Monza: +0.122021 Sochi: -0.522021 Istanbul: no usable session2021 Austin: +1.112021 Mexico City: +0.072021 São Paulo: +0.322021 Lusail: +0.332021 Jeddah: +2.412021 Yas Island: +0.56

54 SESSIONS · 102 STINTS · MINIMUM 5 RACES AND 8 STINTS

THROTTLE APPLICATION

QUALIFYING PUSH LAPS · CORNER BY CORNER

Distance from the slowest point of the corner to full throttle, and the number of throttle lifts in between.

45/ 100
RANK 18 OF 30 · LATE HYBRID FIELD
90% RANGE 36–54

Higher means: Reaches full throttle sooner after the apex, with fewer lifts.

0255075100Alexander Albon (Red Bull Racing): 39Fernando Alonso (Alpine): 76Valtteri Bottas (Mercedes): 75Marcus Ericsson (Sauber): 61Pierre Gasly (AlphaTauri): 87Antonio Giovinazzi (Alfa Romeo Racing): 22Romain Grosjean (Haas F1 Team): 66Lewis Hamilton (Mercedes): 60Brendon Hartley (Toro Rosso): 73Nico Hulkenberg (Renault): 56Robert Kubica (Williams): 2Daniil Kvyat (Toro Rosso): 97Nicholas Latifi (Williams): 18Charles Leclerc (Ferrari): 30Kevin Magnussen (Haas F1 Team): 27Nikita Mazepin (Haas F1 Team): 1Mick Schumacher (Haas F1 Team): 4Esteban Ocon (Alpine): 9Sergio Perez (Racing Point): 64Kimi Räikkönen (Alfa Romeo Racing): 36Daniel Ricciardo (Renault): 67George Russell (Williams): 35Carlos Sainz (McLaren): 62Sergey Sirotkin (Williams): 13Lance Stroll (Racing Point): 57Yuki Tsunoda (AlphaTauri): 91Stoffel Vandoorne (McLaren): 70Max Verstappen (Red Bull Racing): 94Sebastian Vettel (Ferrari): 54Lando Norris: 45

● DRIVER · ○ TEAMMATE · ● REST OF ERA · ┊ ERA AVG · SHADED: 90% RANGE

ON AVERAGE, AGAINST THE SAME-SESSION FIELD

Reaches full throttle 0.2 m closer to the apex than the field median.

WEEKEND BY WEEKEND · ABOVE THE LINE = BETTER THAN THAT SESSION'S FIELD

201920202021
2019 Melbourne: +0.202019 Sakhir: +0.112019 Shanghai: -0.302019 Baku: +0.352019 Barcelona: +0.112019 Monte Carlo: -0.052019 Montréal: -0.022019 Le Castellet: +0.052019 Spielberg: -0.132019 Silverstone: -0.142019 Hockenheim: -0.092019 Budapest: -0.102019 Spa-Francorchamps: +0.102019 Monza: -0.072019 Singapore: +0.422019 Sochi: -0.162019 Suzuka: -0.032019 Mexico City: 0.002019 Austin: +0.162019 São Paulo: +0.082019 Yas Island: -0.312020 Spielberg: +0.052020 Spielberg: no usable session2020 Budapest: -0.142020 Silverstone: +0.102020 Silverstone: -0.502020 Barcelona: -0.162020 Spa-Francorchamps: -0.152020 Monza: -0.092020 Mugello: +0.262020 Sochi: -0.152020 Nürburgring: 0.002020 Portimão: -0.012020 Imola: +0.122020 Sakhir: -0.032020 Sakhir: +0.222020 Yas Island: +0.122021 Sakhir: -0.082021 Imola: +0.202021 Portimão: -0.232021 Barcelona: -0.382021 Monte Carlo: -0.452021 Baku: -0.242021 Le Castellet: -0.102021 Spielberg: -0.182021 Spielberg: -0.062021 Silverstone: +1.732021 Budapest: -0.072021 Zandvoort: +0.132021 Monza: +0.232021 Sochi: no usable session2021 Istanbul: +0.232021 Austin: -0.122021 Mexico City: -0.432021 São Paulo: -0.202021 Lusail: -0.102021 Jeddah: -0.182021 Yas Island: -0.39

56 SESSIONS · 1128 LAP-CORNERS · MINIMUM 5 QUALIFYING SESSIONS AND 150 LAP-CORNERS

BRAKING

QUALIFYING PUSH LAPS · CORNER BY CORNER

Where the driver starts braking for each corner, and how long the braking zone lasts.

88/ 100
RANK 5 OF 30 · LATE HYBRID FIELD
90% RANGE 84–94

Higher means: Brakes later and over a shorter distance than the field.

0255075100Alexander Albon (Red Bull Racing): 38Fernando Alonso (Alpine): 60Valtteri Bottas (Mercedes): 86Marcus Ericsson (Sauber): 55Pierre Gasly (AlphaTauri): 90Antonio Giovinazzi (Alfa Romeo Racing): 29Romain Grosjean (Haas F1 Team): 61Lewis Hamilton (Mercedes): 97Brendon Hartley (Toro Rosso): 99Nico Hulkenberg (Renault): 46Robert Kubica (Williams): 14Daniil Kvyat (Toro Rosso): 70Nicholas Latifi (Williams): 15Charles Leclerc (Ferrari): 59Kevin Magnussen (Haas F1 Team): 10Nikita Mazepin (Haas F1 Team): 1Mick Schumacher (Haas F1 Team): 2Esteban Ocon (Alpine): 24Sergio Perez (Racing Point): 31Kimi Räikkönen (Alfa Romeo Racing): 33Daniel Ricciardo (Renault): 73George Russell (Williams): 27Carlos Sainz (McLaren): 49Sergey Sirotkin (Williams): 30Lance Stroll (Racing Point): 9Yuki Tsunoda (AlphaTauri): 92Stoffel Vandoorne (McLaren): 66Max Verstappen (Red Bull Racing): 78Sebastian Vettel (Ferrari): 43Lando Norris: 88

● DRIVER · ○ TEAMMATE · ● REST OF ERA · ┊ ERA AVG · SHADED: 90% RANGE

ON AVERAGE, AGAINST THE SAME-SESSION FIELD

Starts braking 0.7 m later than the field median.

WEEKEND BY WEEKEND · ABOVE THE LINE = BETTER THAN THAT SESSION'S FIELD

201920202021
2019 Melbourne: +0.042019 Sakhir: +0.032019 Shanghai: +0.062019 Baku: +0.412019 Barcelona: -0.092019 Monte Carlo: +0.242019 Montréal: +0.232019 Le Castellet: +0.322019 Spielberg: +0.402019 Silverstone: -0.012019 Hockenheim: +0.362019 Budapest: +0.472019 Spa-Francorchamps: +0.322019 Monza: +0.102019 Singapore: +0.812019 Sochi: +0.182019 Suzuka: +0.492019 Mexico City: +0.072019 Austin: +0.342019 São Paulo: +0.072019 Yas Island: +0.142020 Spielberg: +0.352020 Spielberg: no usable session2020 Budapest: +0.352020 Silverstone: +0.482020 Silverstone: +0.612020 Barcelona: +0.132020 Spa-Francorchamps: +0.442020 Monza: +0.722020 Mugello: +0.472020 Sochi: +0.392020 Nürburgring: +0.482020 Portimão: +0.032020 Imola: +0.742020 Sakhir: +0.492020 Sakhir: -0.122020 Yas Island: +0.072021 Sakhir: +0.232021 Imola: +0.642021 Portimão: +0.502021 Barcelona: +0.392021 Monte Carlo: +0.552021 Baku: +0.782021 Le Castellet: +0.192021 Spielberg: +0.432021 Spielberg: +0.542021 Silverstone: -2.322021 Budapest: +0.282021 Zandvoort: -0.212021 Monza: +0.412021 Sochi: no usable session2021 Istanbul: +0.422021 Austin: +0.382021 Mexico City: -0.162021 São Paulo: +0.262021 Lusail: +0.252021 Jeddah: +0.152021 Yas Island: +0.25

56 SESSIONS · 1052 LAP-CORNERS · MINIMUM 5 QUALIFYING SESSIONS AND 150 LAP-CORNERS

CONSISTENCY

CLEAN RACE LAPS · PER STINT

How much clean lap times vary within a stint once the tyre-wear trend is removed.

87/ 100
RANK 2 OF 30 · LATE HYBRID FIELD
90% RANGE 76–96

Higher means: Smaller lap-to-lap variation than the field in the same race.

0255075100Alexander Albon (Red Bull Racing): 40Fernando Alonso (Alpine): 45Valtteri Bottas (Mercedes): 44Marcus Ericsson (Sauber): 22Pierre Gasly (AlphaTauri): 67Antonio Giovinazzi (Alfa Romeo Racing): 51Romain Grosjean (Haas F1 Team): 34Lewis Hamilton (Mercedes): 57Brendon Hartley (Toro Rosso): 30Nico Hulkenberg (Renault): 49Robert Kubica (Williams): 4Daniil Kvyat (Toro Rosso): 66Nicholas Latifi (Williams): 14Charles Leclerc (Ferrari): 64Kevin Magnussen (Haas F1 Team): 32Nikita Mazepin (Haas F1 Team): 1Mick Schumacher (Haas F1 Team): 3Esteban Ocon (Alpine): 85Sergio Perez (Racing Point): 60Kimi Räikkönen (Alfa Romeo Racing): 48Daniel Ricciardo (Renault): 73George Russell (Williams): 17Carlos Sainz (McLaren): 86Sergey Sirotkin (Williams): 7Lance Stroll (Racing Point): 63Yuki Tsunoda (AlphaTauri): 58Stoffel Vandoorne (McLaren): 80Max Verstappen (Red Bull Racing): 95Sebastian Vettel (Ferrari): 84Lando Norris: 87

● DRIVER · ○ TEAMMATE · ● REST OF ERA · ┊ ERA AVG · SHADED: 90% RANGE

ON AVERAGE, AGAINST THE SAME-SESSION FIELD

Lap times scatter 0.300 s around the stint trend, 0.004 s tighter than the field median.

WEEKEND BY WEEKEND · ABOVE THE LINE = BETTER THAN THAT SESSION'S FIELD

201920202021
2019 Melbourne: -1.012019 Sakhir: +0.322019 Shanghai: -0.182019 Baku: +1.082019 Barcelona: +0.362019 Monte Carlo: -0.032019 Montréal: no usable session2019 Le Castellet: -0.022019 Spielberg: -0.142019 Silverstone: -0.692019 Hockenheim: no usable session2019 Budapest: +0.102019 Spa-Francorchamps: -0.092019 Monza: -0.052019 Singapore: +0.842019 Sochi: +0.752019 Suzuka: -1.002019 Mexico City: -0.762019 Austin: -0.042019 São Paulo: -1.242019 Yas Island: -0.282020 Spielberg: +0.692020 Spielberg: -0.062020 Budapest: -0.742020 Silverstone: -0.522020 Silverstone: +0.082020 Barcelona: +0.092020 Spa-Francorchamps: +0.362020 Monza: +1.192020 Mugello: +0.372020 Sochi: +0.682020 Nürburgring: -3.002020 Portimão: +0.082020 Imola: +1.102020 Sakhir: +0.982020 Sakhir: -1.382020 Yas Island: +0.742021 Sakhir: +0.332021 Imola: +0.682021 Portimão: +0.542021 Barcelona: +0.192021 Monte Carlo: +0.292021 Baku: +0.632021 Le Castellet: +0.242021 Spielberg: +0.482021 Spielberg: +0.222021 Silverstone: +0.392021 Budapest: no usable session2021 Zandvoort: +0.212021 Monza: -0.472021 Sochi: -0.932021 Istanbul: no usable session2021 Austin: -0.602021 Mexico City: +1.402021 São Paulo: -0.292021 Lusail: -0.742021 Jeddah: -1.532021 Yas Island: +0.62

54 SESSIONS · 113 STINTS · MINIMUM 5 RACES AND 8 STINTS

STEERING SMOOTHNESS

NEEDS ONBOARD VIDEO

How smoothly the driver steers through each corner.

PENDING

Not measured yet. No public feed carries steering angle; it will come from onboard video.

TEAMMATES

Same car, same sessions. Each cell is the average difference over the sessions they shared, in field-spread units: +0.30 means 0.3 of a typical field spread better on that axis. Qualifying H2H is the share of shared qualifying sessions where Norris's best lap was faster.

TEAMMATESHAREDQUALI H2HENTRYTYRE MGMTTHROTTLEBRAKINGCONSISTENCY
Carlos Sainz66
35 Q · 31 R
51%+0.26+0.13+0.06+0.28-0.35
Daniel Ricciardo39
20 Q · 19 R
70%+0.32+0.09+0.01-0.07+0.17

SESSION LOG

Every weekend in this era. Values are the difference from that session's field in field-spread units, green better and red worse. A dash means the session was skipped (wet, or no data) or the driver had no usable laps.

WEEKENDCIRCUITTEAMQ LAPSBRAKINGENTRYTHROTTLERACE LAPSCONSISTENCYTYRE MGMT
2019 R01MelbourneMcLaren3+0.04-0.29+0.2043-1.01+0.17
2019 R02SakhirMcLaren3+0.03-0.10+0.1127+0.32+0.60
2019 R03ShanghaiMcLaren3+0.06-0.31-0.3041-0.18-0.85
2019 R04BakuMcLaren3+0.41+0.36+0.3526+1.08-0.23
2019 R05BarcelonaMcLaren3-0.09-0.25+0.1116+0.36+0.84
2019 R06Monte CarloMcLaren3+0.240.00-0.0548-0.03+0.63
2019 R07MontréalMcLaren3+0.23-0.26-0.020——
2019 R08Le CastelletMcLaren3+0.32+0.39+0.0536-0.02+0.04
2019 R09SpielbergMcLaren3+0.40-0.12-0.1352-0.14+0.10
2019 R10SilverstoneMcLaren3-0.01+0.19-0.1432-0.69+0.04
2019 R11HockenheimMcLaren3+0.36+0.06-0.09———
2019 R12BudapestMcLaren3+0.47+0.20-0.1056+0.10+0.39
2019 R13Spa-FrancorchampsMcLaren2+0.32-0.53+0.1035-0.09+0.24
2019 R14MonzaMcLaren3+0.10-0.31-0.0734-0.05-0.26
2019 R15SingaporeMcLaren2+0.81+0.06+0.4231+0.84-0.01
2019 R16SochiMcLaren3+0.18+0.02-0.1636+0.75+0.79
2019 R17SuzukaMcLaren3+0.49+0.13-0.0325-1.00-0.23
2019 R18Mexico CityMcLaren2+0.07+0.030.0041-0.76-0.48
2019 R19AustinMcLaren3+0.34+0.42+0.1635-0.04+0.44
2019 R20São PauloMcLaren3+0.07-0.09+0.0819-1.24+0.63
2019 R21Yas IslandMcLaren3+0.14-0.10-0.3145-0.28+0.53
2020 R01SpielbergMcLaren2+0.35+0.94+0.0536+0.690.00
2020 R02SpielbergMcLaren————42-0.06+0.36
2020 R03BudapestMcLaren3+0.35+0.31-0.1428-0.74-0.75
2020 R04SilverstoneMcLaren3+0.48+0.13+0.1023-0.52+0.69
2020 R05SilverstoneMcLaren3+0.61+0.54-0.5026+0.08+0.61
2020 R06BarcelonaMcLaren3+0.13-0.13-0.1625+0.09+1.05
2020 R07Spa-FrancorchampsMcLaren3+0.44-0.25-0.1516+0.36+1.00
2020 R08MonzaMcLaren3+0.72+0.56-0.0933+1.19+0.57
2020 R09MugelloMcLaren3+0.47+0.29+0.2635+0.37+0.38
2020 R10SochiMcLaren3+0.39+0.06-0.1533+0.68+0.16
2020 R11NürburgringMcLaren3+0.48+0.220.0026-3.00-0.43
2020 R12PortimãoMcLaren3+0.03+0.18-0.0153+0.08+0.26
2020 R13ImolaMcLaren3+0.74+0.76+0.1237+1.10+0.05
2020 R15SakhirMcLaren3+0.49+0.32-0.0335+0.98+1.58
2020 R16SakhirMcLaren2-0.12-0.38+0.2240-1.38-0.45
2020 R17Yas IslandMcLaren3+0.07+0.09+0.1243+0.74+0.05
2021 R01SakhirMcLaren3+0.23-0.20-0.0839+0.33-0.19
2021 R02ImolaMcLaren3+0.64+0.71+0.2025+0.68+0.04
2021 R03PortimãoMcLaren3+0.50+0.58-0.2355+0.54+0.33
2021 R04BarcelonaMcLaren3+0.39-0.32-0.3839+0.19+0.04
2021 R05Monte CarloMcLaren3+0.55-0.19-0.4574+0.29-0.11
2021 R06BakuMcLaren3+0.78+0.31-0.2417+0.63-0.45
2021 R07Le CastelletMcLaren3+0.19-0.67-0.1035+0.24+0.54
2021 R08SpielbergMcLaren3+0.43-0.02-0.1865+0.48+0.61
2021 R09SpielbergMcLaren3+0.54+0.12-0.0650+0.22-1.00
2021 R10SilverstoneMcLaren1-2.32+1.94+1.7343+0.39-0.22
2021 R11BudapestMcLaren3+0.28+0.35-0.07———
2021 R13ZandvoortMcLaren3-0.21-0.07+0.1340+0.21-2.29
2021 R14MonzaMcLaren3+0.41+0.05+0.2329-0.47+0.12
2021 R15SochiMcLaren————37-0.93-0.52
2021 R16IstanbulMcLaren3+0.42+0.39+0.23———
2021 R17AustinMcLaren3+0.38+0.04-0.1243-0.60+1.11
2021 R18Mexico CityMcLaren3-0.16-0.08-0.4354+1.40+0.07
2021 R19São PauloMcLaren3+0.26-0.44-0.2038-0.29+0.32
2021 R20LusailMcLaren3+0.25-0.05-0.1035-0.74+0.33
2021 R21JeddahMcLaren3+0.15+0.14-0.1825-1.53+2.41
2021 R22Yas IslandMcLaren3+0.25-0.29-0.3937+0.62+0.56

HOW THIS IS CALCULATED

The definitions behind every number on this page. The full specification lives with the pipeline code (backend/pipeline/signature/SPEC.md).

REGULATION ERAS

An era is a period under one set of technical rules. When the rules change, every car brakes, turns and wears its tyres differently, so a driver's style relative to the field can shift too. Signatures are therefore computed separately for each era, and the driver page shows the most recent era with at least one scored axis. These eras are defined by the car rules, separate from the storytelling eras elsewhere on the site.

ERAWHAT DEFINES ITDATA IN THIS DATASET
LATE HYBRID
2018–2021
THIS PAGE
1.6-litre V6 turbo hybrid power units, used since 2014, in the wider, higher-downforce cars on wider tyres introduced in 2017.
The era starts in 2018, the first season of the official timing archive, although its car rules date from 2017.
2018–2021
30 drivers scored
GROUND EFFECT
2022–2025
Most downforce comes from two Venturi tunnels under the floor, with simplified wings and 18-inch low-profile tyres, so that cars can follow each other more closely.
2022–2025
31 drivers scored
ACTIVE AERO
2026 onwards
Front and rear wings switch between a corner mode and a low-drag straight mode, replacing DRS. Cars are shorter, narrower and lighter (768 kg), the floor tunnels are gone, and power is split roughly half and half between combustion and electric, with the MGU-H removed and fully sustainable fuel.
Energy recovery is a bigger part of each lap: drivers lift off before braking to recharge and cars harvest at full throttle at the end of straights. Throttle and braking traces reflect energy management as well as driving style.
2026
22 drivers scored

THE FIELD

Every measurement is a difference from the other cars in the same session. Comparing within a session cancels out the track, the weather, the tyre generation and the overall speed of that year's cars, which is what makes different weekends comparable. For each corner, or each race, the driver's value has the field median subtracted and is divided by the field's spread (a robust z-score, capped at ±3). A value of +1 means one typical field spread better than the median driver.

FROM LAPS TO A SCORE

  1. Pick the laps. Qualifying: up to 3 push laps per driver, within 1% of their own best and 107% of the fastest lap, on dry tyres, not deleted for track limits and not run under red or yellow flags. Race: clean laps only, meaning not lap 1, no pit laps, no safety car, virtual safety car, red or yellow flag, dry tyres, at least 1.5 s behind the car ahead, and within 107% of the driver's stint median.
  2. Measure.Corners are the slowest points of the session's fastest lap (dips of at least 25km/h). Every lap is mapped onto that lap's line, so all drivers' brake points and apexes share one distance scale. Full throttle means 98% pedal or more, and a lift is a drop of 10points. In the race, each stint's lap times are corrected for fuel (0.055 s per lap of fuel still on board) and fitted against tyre age: the slope is degradation (at least 8 clean laps), and the scatter around the line is consistency (at least 6).
  3. Compare with the field. Each corner needs at least 8 field laps; tyre degradation is compared on the same compound when at least 4 stints used it.
  4. Combine over the era. A weighted average of the session values. An axis is only scored with at least 5 qualifying sessions and 150 lap-corners, or 5 races and 8 stints; otherwise it stays empty rather than guessed.
  5. Rank.The 0–100 score is the driver-era's percentile among every driver-era in the dataset, so 50 is typical.
  6. Confidence.The driver's sessions are resampled 400 times and re-ranked. The 90% range runs from the 5th to the 95th percentile of those ranks, and confidence is 1 minus the average width of the ranges.

COMPARISON GROUPS

ERA AVG

The average of every driver scored in the same regulation era. It sits close to 50 on every axis: a typical driver.

ALL-TIME

The average of every driver-era in the dataset. Scores are ranks among those same driver-eras, so it sits at 50 on every axis by construction.

CHAMPIONS

World champions in the eras they won their titles, from the final standings of completed seasons. In the dataset: Lewis Hamilton (2018, 2019, 2020), Max Verstappen (2021, 2022, 2023, 2024), Lando Norris (2025).

TEAMMATES

The driver's teammates in this era, weighted by sessions shared. Same car, so this is the fairest comparison.

AXES

AXISMEASURESHIGHER MEANSDATA
STEERING SMOOTHNESSHow smoothly the driver steers through each corner.Not measured yet. No public feed carries steering angle; it will come from onboard video.NEEDS ONBOARD VIDEO
ENTRY AGGRESSIONSpeed as the driver comes off the brake, and the minimum speed through the corner.Carries more speed off the brake and through the slowest point.QUALIFYING PUSH LAPS · CORNER BY CORNER
TYRE MANAGEMENTHow fast lap times drop off as the tyres age, corrected for fuel load.Loses less time per lap of tyre age than the field on the same compound.CLEAN RACE LAPS · PER STINT
THROTTLE APPLICATIONDistance from the slowest point of the corner to full throttle, and the number of throttle lifts in between.Reaches full throttle sooner after the apex, with fewer lifts.QUALIFYING PUSH LAPS · CORNER BY CORNER
BRAKINGWhere the driver starts braking for each corner, and how long the braking zone lasts.Brakes later and over a shorter distance than the field.QUALIFYING PUSH LAPS · CORNER BY CORNER
CONSISTENCYHow much clean lap times vary within a stint once the tyre-wear trend is removed.Smaller lap-to-lap variation than the field in the same race.CLEAN RACE LAPS · PER STINT

DATA AND COVERAGE

Source: Official F1 live-timing feed, read through TracingInsights' public FastF1 extraction (2018–2022) and the OpenF1 historical API (2023–2026). The feed gives car data (speed, throttle, brake on/off, gear) about 3.7 times a second, car positions, laps, tyre stints, gaps and race-control messages. It does not carry steering angle or brake pressure. 180 qualifying sessions and 186 races are scored.

SEASONWEEKENDSQUALIFYINGRACESNOT SCORED
20182120/2120/21
Australian qualifying: no race-control messages in the source, so flags cannot be applied
Australian race: no race-control messages in the source, so flags cannot be applied
20192121/2121/21—
20201715/1717/17
Styrian qualifying: wet
Turkish qualifying: wet
20212220/2222/22
Belgian qualifying: wet
Russian qualifying: mixed conditions, 6 drivers on dry tyres
20222220/2222/22
Canadian qualifying: wet
British qualifying: wet
20232221/2222/22
Dutch qualifying: mixed conditions, 9 drivers on dry tyres
20242422/2424/24
Belgian qualifying: wet
São Paulo qualifying: wet
20252422/2424/24
Azerbaijan qualifying: no lap data in the public feed
Las Vegas qualifying: wet
202619 (+4 still to run)19/1919/19—

KNOWN LIMITATIONS

  • The field includes faster and slower cars, so a driver in a quick car scores higher on car-sensitive measures such as minimum corner speed. The teammate comparison is where the car is held constant.
  • The braking point is not adjusted for approach speed: a driver who exits the previous corner faster arrives quicker and has to brake earlier. Braking describes style more than pace.
  • Tyre management cannot tell tyre wear apart from a driver deliberately controlling pace, so its ranges are wide.
  • From 2026, throttle and braking traces also reflect energy recovery (lifting before braking, harvesting at full throttle), not only driving style.
  • Steering smoothness needs steering angle, which no public feed carries. It is never estimated and will come from onboard video, along with seasons before 2018.

PIPELINE TIMING-0.1.0 · GENERATED 2026-11-02 · OFFICIAL F1 LIVE-TIMING FEED, READ THROUGH TRACINGINSIGHTS' PUBLIC FASTF1 EXTRACTION (2018–2022) AND THE OPENF1 HISTORICAL API (2023–2026)