f(x)
f(1)/DRIVERS/STROLL/SIGNATURE
← DRIVER PAGE

DRIVING SIGNATURE · FULL METRICS

Lance Stroll

Ground effect era (2022–2025) · data from 2022–2025 · Aston Martin

LATE HYBRID · 2018–2021GROUND EFFECT · 2022–2025ACTIVE AERO · 2026

LAPS USED

2,438

QUALIFYING

81

RACES

85

AXES SCORED

5/6

CONFIDENCE

0.71

How this is calculated — the era, the field, the comparison groups and every threshold.

OVERVIEW

Each axis is a 0–100 rank among every driver-era in the dataset, built from differences to the same-session field. The 90% range is where nine in ten resampled scores land. Rank is within the ground effect field.

STEERINGSMOOTHNESSPENDINGENTRY AGGRESSIONTYRE MANAGEMENTTHROTTLE APPLICATIONBRAKINGCONSISTENCY

DASHED: ERA AVG — The average of every driver scored in the same regulation era. It sits close to 50 on every axis: a typical driver.

AXISSCORE90% RANGERANKERA AVGALL-TIMECHAMPIONSTEAMMATES
STEERINGPENDING——————
ENTRY1915–2327/2951509241
TYRE MGMT309–6720/3047505194
THROTTLE8675–883/2949507667
BRAKING6556–7910/2951507870
CONSISTENCY6842–8311/3149508145

AXIS BY AXIS

What each axis measures, where the driver sits among this era's drivers, the raw differences behind the score, and how it moved from weekend to weekend.

ENTRY AGGRESSION

QUALIFYING PUSH LAPS · CORNER BY CORNER

Speed as the driver comes off the brake, and the minimum speed through the corner.

19/ 100
RANK 27 OF 29 · GROUND EFFECT FIELD
90% RANGE 15–23

Higher means: Carries more speed off the brake and through the slowest point.

0255075100Alexander Albon (Williams): 29Fernando Alonso (Aston Martin): 41Kimi Antonelli (Mercedes): 78Oliver Bearman (Haas F1 Team): 51Gabriel Bortoleto (Kick Sauber): 12Valtteri Bottas (Alfa Romeo): 31Franco Colapinto (Alpine): 38Pierre Gasly (Alpine): 82Isack Hadjar (Racing Bulls): 71Lewis Hamilton (Mercedes): 55Nico Hulkenberg (Haas F1 Team): 35Nicholas Latifi (Williams): 3Liam Lawson (Racing Bulls): 50Charles Leclerc (Ferrari): 83Kevin Magnussen (Haas F1 Team): 28Mick Schumacher (Haas F1 Team): 64Lando Norris (McLaren): 97Esteban Ocon (Alpine): 34Sergio Perez (Red Bull Racing): 70Oscar Piastri (McLaren): 96Daniel Ricciardo (McLaren): 69George Russell (Mercedes): 76Carlos Sainz (Ferrari): 54Logan Sargeant (Williams): 20Yuki Tsunoda (AlphaTauri): 48Max Verstappen (Red Bull Racing): 80Sebastian Vettel (Aston Martin): 43Guanyu Zhou (Alfa Romeo): 23Lance Stroll: 19

● DRIVER · ○ TEAMMATE · ● REST OF ERA · ┊ ERA AVG · SHADED: 90% RANGE

ON AVERAGE, AGAINST THE SAME-SESSION FIELD

1.7 km/h less speed as the brake comes off.

3.0 km/h lower minimum corner speed.

WEEKEND BY WEEKEND · ABOVE THE LINE = BETTER THAN THAT SESSION'S FIELD

2022202320242025
2022 Sakhir: -0.422022 Jeddah: -1.032022 Melbourne: no usable session2022 Imola: -0.172022 Miami: -0.342022 Barcelona: -0.962022 Monaco: -0.602022 Baku: no usable session2022 Montréal: no usable session2022 Silverstone: no usable session2022 Spielberg: -0.592022 Le Castellet: -0.642022 Budapest: -0.662022 Spa-Francorchamps: -0.882022 Zandvoort: -0.482022 Monza: -1.072022 Marina Bay: -0.892022 Suzuka: -0.532022 Austin: -0.172022 Mexico City: -0.802022 São Paulo: -0.342022 Yas Island: -0.492023 Sakhir: -0.262023 Jeddah: +0.252023 Melbourne: +0.032023 Baku: -0.302023 Miami: -0.792023 Monte Carlo: -0.922023 Catalunya: +0.282023 Montreal: no usable session2023 Spielberg: -0.372023 Silverstone: -0.792023 Hungaroring: -0.312023 Spa-Francorchamps: -0.032023 Zandvoort: no usable session2023 Monza: -1.202023 Singapore: -0.932023 Suzuka: -0.642023 Lusail: -0.832023 Austin: -0.982023 Mexico City: -1.532023 Interlagos: -0.392023 Las Vegas: -0.752023 Yas Marina Circuit: -1.412024 Sakhir: -0.832024 Jeddah: -0.312024 Melbourne: +0.262024 Suzuka: -0.342024 Shanghai: -0.222024 Miami: -1.032024 Imola: -0.852024 Monte Carlo: -0.562024 Montreal: +0.252024 Catalunya: -0.412024 Spielberg: -1.162024 Silverstone: -0.162024 Hungaroring: -0.162024 Spa-Francorchamps: no usable session2024 Zandvoort: +0.322024 Monza: -0.372024 Baku: -0.952024 Singapore: -1.122024 Austin: -0.572024 Mexico City: -0.622024 Las Vegas: -0.772024 Lusail: -0.482024 Yas Marina Circuit: -0.772025 Melbourne: -0.742025 Shanghai: -0.602025 Suzuka: -1.002025 Sakhir: -0.752025 Jeddah: -0.332025 Miami: -0.852025 Imola: -0.042025 Monte Carlo: -0.782025 Catalunya: -0.012025 Montreal: -0.302025 Spielberg: -0.912025 Silverstone: -0.192025 Spa-Francorchamps: -0.542025 Hungaroring: +0.252025 Zandvoort: no usable session2025 Monza: -0.602025 Baku: no usable session2025 Singapore: -1.052025 Austin: -0.352025 Mexico City: -1.392025 Interlagos: +0.402025 Lusail: -0.472025 Yas Marina Circuit: +0.15

81 SESSIONS · 1385 LAP-CORNERS · MINIMUM 5 QUALIFYING SESSIONS AND 150 LAP-CORNERS

TYRE MANAGEMENT

CLEAN RACE LAPS · PER STINT

How fast lap times drop off as the tyres age, corrected for fuel load.

30/ 100
RANK 20 OF 30 · GROUND EFFECT FIELD
90% RANGE 9–67

Higher means: Loses less time per lap of tyre age than the field on the same compound.

0255075100Alexander Albon (Williams): 65Fernando Alonso (Aston Martin): 96Kimi Antonelli (Mercedes): 85Oliver Bearman (Haas F1 Team): 90Gabriel Bortoleto (Kick Sauber): 5Valtteri Bottas (Alfa Romeo): 14Franco Colapinto (Alpine): 21Nyck De Vries (AlphaTauri): 12Pierre Gasly (Alpine): 27Isack Hadjar (Racing Bulls): 51Lewis Hamilton (Mercedes): 55Nico Hulkenberg (Haas F1 Team): 23Nicholas Latifi (Williams): 7Liam Lawson (Racing Bulls): 76Charles Leclerc (Ferrari): 41Kevin Magnussen (Haas F1 Team): 19Mick Schumacher (Haas F1 Team): 32Lando Norris (McLaren): 57Esteban Ocon (Alpine): 66Sergio Perez (Red Bull Racing): 13Oscar Piastri (McLaren): 77Daniel Ricciardo (McLaren): 73George Russell (Mercedes): 71Carlos Sainz (Ferrari): 68Logan Sargeant (Williams): 1Yuki Tsunoda (AlphaTauri): 45Max Verstappen (Red Bull Racing): 48Sebastian Vettel (Aston Martin): 97Guanyu Zhou (Alfa Romeo): 31Lance Stroll: 30

● DRIVER · ○ TEAMMATE · ● REST OF ERA · ┊ ERA AVG · SHADED: 90% RANGE

ON AVERAGE, AGAINST THE SAME-SESSION FIELD

Loses 0.060 s per lap of tyre age after fuel correction, 0.009 s/lap more than the race median.

WEEKEND BY WEEKEND · ABOVE THE LINE = BETTER THAN THAT SESSION'S FIELD

2022202320242025
2022 Sakhir: +1.652022 Jeddah: 0.002022 Melbourne: -3.002022 Imola: -1.462022 Miami: +1.092022 Barcelona: -0.022022 Monaco: no usable session2022 Baku: -0.072022 Montréal: +0.432022 Silverstone: +1.062022 Spielberg: +0.242022 Le Castellet: -0.792022 Budapest: -0.032022 Spa-Francorchamps: no usable session2022 Zandvoort: +0.592022 Monza: -1.132022 Marina Bay: +0.742022 Suzuka: no usable session2022 Austin: -0.932022 Mexico City: -1.672022 São Paulo: +0.932022 Yas Island: +0.692023 Sakhir: -0.412023 Jeddah: no usable session2023 Melbourne: +0.562023 Baku: -0.422023 Miami: +2.352023 Monte Carlo: no usable session2023 Catalunya: +0.712023 Montreal: +0.642023 Spielberg: +0.062023 Silverstone: -0.402023 Hungaroring: -0.082023 Spa-Francorchamps: +0.412023 Zandvoort: -1.042023 Monza: -1.302023 Singapore: no usable session2023 Suzuka: no usable session2023 Lusail: +0.082023 Austin: +1.402023 Mexico City: +0.332023 Interlagos: +0.162023 Las Vegas: -0.482023 Yas Marina Circuit: -2.662024 Sakhir: -0.192024 Jeddah: no usable session2024 Melbourne: +0.702024 Suzuka: -1.232024 Shanghai: -1.592024 Miami: -1.152024 Imola: -0.892024 Monte Carlo: -1.652024 Montreal: +1.472024 Catalunya: +0.832024 Spielberg: -0.732024 Silverstone: +0.352024 Hungaroring: +0.722024 Spa-Francorchamps: -0.092024 Zandvoort: -0.022024 Monza: -2.822024 Baku: -1.562024 Singapore: -0.432024 Austin: -0.342024 Mexico City: +1.242024 Las Vegas: +0.402024 Lusail: no usable session2024 Yas Marina Circuit: -1.542025 Melbourne: no usable session2025 Shanghai: +0.492025 Suzuka: -0.012025 Sakhir: +1.472025 Jeddah: -0.672025 Miami: +0.142025 Imola: +0.392025 Monte Carlo: -2.962025 Catalunya: no usable session2025 Montreal: -1.762025 Spielberg: +0.582025 Silverstone: no usable session2025 Spa-Francorchamps: -0.492025 Hungaroring: +0.282025 Zandvoort: -0.702025 Monza: +0.272025 Baku: -1.202025 Singapore: +0.822025 Austin: -0.292025 Mexico City: +0.742025 Interlagos: -1.352025 Lusail: +0.352025 Yas Marina Circuit: -0.03

78 SESSIONS · 134 STINTS · MINIMUM 5 RACES AND 8 STINTS

THROTTLE APPLICATION

QUALIFYING PUSH LAPS · CORNER BY CORNER

Distance from the slowest point of the corner to full throttle, and the number of throttle lifts in between.

86/ 100
RANK 3 OF 29 · GROUND EFFECT FIELD
90% RANGE 75–88

Higher means: Reaches full throttle sooner after the apex, with fewer lifts.

0255075100Alexander Albon (Williams): 3Fernando Alonso (Aston Martin): 72Kimi Antonelli (Mercedes): 65Oliver Bearman (Haas F1 Team): 28Gabriel Bortoleto (Kick Sauber): 55Valtteri Bottas (Alfa Romeo): 41Franco Colapinto (Alpine): 8Pierre Gasly (Alpine): 80Isack Hadjar (Racing Bulls): 82Lewis Hamilton (Mercedes): 38Nico Hulkenberg (Haas F1 Team): 48Nicholas Latifi (Williams): 6Liam Lawson (Racing Bulls): 77Charles Leclerc (Ferrari): 40Kevin Magnussen (Haas F1 Team): 44Mick Schumacher (Haas F1 Team): 23Lando Norris (McLaren): 52Esteban Ocon (Alpine): 15Sergio Perez (Red Bull Racing): 99Oscar Piastri (McLaren): 31Daniel Ricciardo (McLaren): 59George Russell (Mercedes): 81Carlos Sainz (Ferrari): 50Logan Sargeant (Williams): 10Yuki Tsunoda (AlphaTauri): 71Max Verstappen (Red Bull Racing): 98Sebastian Vettel (Aston Martin): 51Guanyu Zhou (Alfa Romeo): 14Lance Stroll: 86

● DRIVER · ○ TEAMMATE · ● REST OF ERA · ┊ ERA AVG · SHADED: 90% RANGE

ON AVERAGE, AGAINST THE SAME-SESSION FIELD

Reaches full throttle 3.8 m closer to the apex than the field median.

WEEKEND BY WEEKEND · ABOVE THE LINE = BETTER THAN THAT SESSION'S FIELD

2022202320242025
2022 Sakhir: +0.452022 Jeddah: -0.152022 Melbourne: no usable session2022 Imola: -0.352022 Miami: -0.152022 Barcelona: -0.382022 Monaco: +0.072022 Baku: no usable session2022 Montréal: no usable session2022 Silverstone: no usable session2022 Spielberg: +0.162022 Le Castellet: -0.092022 Budapest: -0.142022 Spa-Francorchamps: +0.462022 Zandvoort: 0.002022 Monza: -0.832022 Marina Bay: -0.032022 Suzuka: +0.372022 Austin: +0.162022 Mexico City: -0.162022 São Paulo: +0.032022 Yas Island: +0.282023 Sakhir: +0.092023 Jeddah: +0.432023 Melbourne: +0.082023 Baku: +0.032023 Miami: -0.262023 Monte Carlo: +0.082023 Catalunya: +0.102023 Montreal: no usable session2023 Spielberg: +0.522023 Silverstone: +0.112023 Hungaroring: +0.152023 Spa-Francorchamps: -0.062023 Zandvoort: no usable session2023 Monza: +0.102023 Singapore: -0.022023 Suzuka: +0.102023 Lusail: +0.192023 Austin: -0.202023 Mexico City: -0.032023 Interlagos: +0.322023 Las Vegas: +0.012023 Yas Marina Circuit: +0.372024 Sakhir: +0.202024 Jeddah: +0.302024 Melbourne: +0.362024 Suzuka: -0.302024 Shanghai: -0.432024 Miami: -0.032024 Imola: +0.362024 Monte Carlo: +0.012024 Montreal: +0.472024 Catalunya: +0.122024 Spielberg: +0.282024 Silverstone: -0.022024 Hungaroring: +0.182024 Spa-Francorchamps: no usable session2024 Zandvoort: +0.552024 Monza: -0.132024 Baku: +0.032024 Singapore: +0.242024 Austin: +0.602024 Mexico City: +0.402024 Las Vegas: -0.622024 Lusail: +0.172024 Yas Marina Circuit: +0.692025 Melbourne: +0.032025 Shanghai: +0.312025 Suzuka: -0.172025 Sakhir: -0.082025 Jeddah: +0.522025 Miami: +0.212025 Imola: +0.422025 Monte Carlo: +0.052025 Catalunya: +0.592025 Montreal: +0.382025 Spielberg: +0.242025 Silverstone: -0.192025 Spa-Francorchamps: +0.432025 Hungaroring: +0.052025 Zandvoort: no usable session2025 Monza: -0.272025 Baku: no usable session2025 Singapore: +0.052025 Austin: +0.222025 Mexico City: +0.342025 Interlagos: +0.352025 Lusail: +0.162025 Yas Marina Circuit: +0.82

81 SESSIONS · 1320 LAP-CORNERS · MINIMUM 5 QUALIFYING SESSIONS AND 150 LAP-CORNERS

BRAKING

QUALIFYING PUSH LAPS · CORNER BY CORNER

Where the driver starts braking for each corner, and how long the braking zone lasts.

65/ 100
RANK 10 OF 29 · GROUND EFFECT FIELD
90% RANGE 56–79

Higher means: Brakes later and over a shorter distance than the field.

0255075100Alexander Albon (Williams): 22Fernando Alonso (Aston Martin): 76Kimi Antonelli (Mercedes): 62Oliver Bearman (Haas F1 Team): 41Gabriel Bortoleto (Kick Sauber): 23Valtteri Bottas (Alfa Romeo): 36Franco Colapinto (Alpine): 18Pierre Gasly (Alpine): 64Isack Hadjar (Racing Bulls): 82Lewis Hamilton (Mercedes): 77Nico Hulkenberg (Haas F1 Team): 48Nicholas Latifi (Williams): 3Liam Lawson (Racing Bulls): 51Charles Leclerc (Ferrari): 67Kevin Magnussen (Haas F1 Team): 34Mick Schumacher (Haas F1 Team): 19Lando Norris (McLaren): 80Esteban Ocon (Alpine): 20Sergio Perez (Red Bull Racing): 45Oscar Piastri (McLaren): 83Daniel Ricciardo (McLaren): 71George Russell (Mercedes): 72Carlos Sainz (Ferrari): 35Logan Sargeant (Williams): 28Yuki Tsunoda (AlphaTauri): 87Max Verstappen (Red Bull Racing): 56Sebastian Vettel (Aston Martin): 50Guanyu Zhou (Alfa Romeo): 54Lance Stroll: 65

● DRIVER · ○ TEAMMATE · ● REST OF ERA · ┊ ERA AVG · SHADED: 90% RANGE

ON AVERAGE, AGAINST THE SAME-SESSION FIELD

Starts braking 1.5 m later than the field median.

WEEKEND BY WEEKEND · ABOVE THE LINE = BETTER THAN THAT SESSION'S FIELD

2022202320242025
2022 Sakhir: -0.182022 Jeddah: -0.902022 Melbourne: no usable session2022 Imola: -0.612022 Miami: -0.232022 Barcelona: -0.552022 Monaco: -0.332022 Baku: no usable session2022 Montréal: no usable session2022 Silverstone: no usable session2022 Spielberg: -0.092022 Le Castellet: -0.492022 Budapest: +0.042022 Spa-Francorchamps: +0.082022 Zandvoort: +0.152022 Monza: no usable session2022 Marina Bay: -0.162022 Suzuka: -0.122022 Austin: -0.112022 Mexico City: -0.532022 São Paulo: +0.352022 Yas Island: -0.442023 Sakhir: +0.382023 Jeddah: +0.842023 Melbourne: +0.322023 Baku: +0.382023 Miami: +0.442023 Monte Carlo: +0.162023 Catalunya: +0.632023 Montreal: no usable session2023 Spielberg: +0.022023 Silverstone: -0.552023 Hungaroring: -0.162023 Spa-Francorchamps: +0.602023 Zandvoort: no usable session2023 Monza: -0.122023 Singapore: -0.672023 Suzuka: +0.362023 Lusail: +0.412023 Austin: -0.192023 Mexico City: -0.382023 Interlagos: +0.562023 Las Vegas: +0.372023 Yas Marina Circuit: +0.422024 Sakhir: +0.072024 Jeddah: +0.102024 Melbourne: +0.472024 Suzuka: +0.232024 Shanghai: -0.262024 Miami: +0.152024 Imola: +0.472024 Monte Carlo: +0.262024 Montreal: +0.182024 Catalunya: +0.122024 Spielberg: +0.382024 Silverstone: -0.022024 Hungaroring: +0.422024 Spa-Francorchamps: no usable session2024 Zandvoort: +0.442024 Monza: +0.422024 Baku: +0.312024 Singapore: +0.592024 Austin: +0.362024 Mexico City: -0.162024 Las Vegas: +0.332024 Lusail: -0.292024 Yas Marina Circuit: +0.142025 Melbourne: +0.112025 Shanghai: +0.372025 Suzuka: -0.462025 Sakhir: +0.082025 Jeddah: +0.082025 Miami: +0.872025 Imola: +0.162025 Monte Carlo: -0.262025 Catalunya: +0.592025 Montreal: -0.332025 Spielberg: +0.222025 Silverstone: -0.132025 Spa-Francorchamps: +0.362025 Hungaroring: +0.522025 Zandvoort: no usable session2025 Monza: +0.142025 Baku: no usable session2025 Singapore: -0.322025 Austin: +0.112025 Mexico City: +0.342025 Interlagos: +0.762025 Lusail: +0.302025 Yas Marina Circuit: +0.80

80 SESSIONS · 1247 LAP-CORNERS · MINIMUM 5 QUALIFYING SESSIONS AND 150 LAP-CORNERS

CONSISTENCY

CLEAN RACE LAPS · PER STINT

How much clean lap times vary within a stint once the tyre-wear trend is removed.

68/ 100
RANK 11 OF 31 · GROUND EFFECT FIELD
90% RANGE 42–83

Higher means: Smaller lap-to-lap variation than the field in the same race.

0255075100Alexander Albon (Williams): 62Fernando Alonso (Aston Martin): 38Kimi Antonelli (Mercedes): 81Oliver Bearman (Haas F1 Team): 36Gabriel Bortoleto (Kick Sauber): 25Valtteri Bottas (Alfa Romeo): 21Franco Colapinto (Alpine): 39Nyck De Vries (AlphaTauri): 33Jack Doohan (Alpine): 9Pierre Gasly (Alpine): 79Isack Hadjar (Racing Bulls): 55Lewis Hamilton (Mercedes): 46Nico Hulkenberg (Haas F1 Team): 19Nicholas Latifi (Williams): 5Liam Lawson (Racing Bulls): 70Charles Leclerc (Ferrari): 72Kevin Magnussen (Haas F1 Team): 11Mick Schumacher (Haas F1 Team): 13Lando Norris (McLaren): 75Esteban Ocon (Alpine): 83Sergio Perez (Red Bull Racing): 52Oscar Piastri (McLaren): 56Daniel Ricciardo (McLaren): 31George Russell (Mercedes): 93Carlos Sainz (Ferrari): 89Logan Sargeant (Williams): 16Yuki Tsunoda (AlphaTauri): 42Max Verstappen (Red Bull Racing): 97Sebastian Vettel (Aston Martin): 78Guanyu Zhou (Alfa Romeo): 20Lance Stroll: 68

● DRIVER · ○ TEAMMATE · ● REST OF ERA · ┊ ERA AVG · SHADED: 90% RANGE

ON AVERAGE, AGAINST THE SAME-SESSION FIELD

Lap times scatter 0.298 s around the stint trend, 0.013 s looser than the field median.

WEEKEND BY WEEKEND · ABOVE THE LINE = BETTER THAN THAT SESSION'S FIELD

2022202320242025
2022 Sakhir: -1.252022 Jeddah: -1.112022 Melbourne: -0.852022 Imola: +0.672022 Miami: -1.622022 Barcelona: -0.642022 Monaco: no usable session2022 Baku: -1.222022 Montréal: -0.232022 Silverstone: +0.672022 Spielberg: +0.102022 Le Castellet: -0.242022 Budapest: -0.202022 Spa-Francorchamps: no usable session2022 Zandvoort: +0.822022 Monza: +0.452022 Marina Bay: -0.292022 Suzuka: no usable session2022 Austin: +0.672022 Mexico City: -0.742022 São Paulo: +0.422022 Yas Island: -0.052023 Sakhir: -0.302023 Jeddah: no usable session2023 Melbourne: +0.122023 Baku: +2.682023 Miami: +0.992023 Monte Carlo: no usable session2023 Catalunya: +0.492023 Montreal: +0.832023 Spielberg: +0.752023 Silverstone: -0.882023 Hungaroring: +0.082023 Spa-Francorchamps: -0.762023 Zandvoort: +0.832023 Monza: -2.192023 Singapore: no usable session2023 Suzuka: no usable session2023 Lusail: -0.452023 Austin: -0.252023 Mexico City: -0.162023 Interlagos: +0.452023 Las Vegas: +0.382023 Yas Marina Circuit: +1.092024 Sakhir: -0.612024 Jeddah: no usable session2024 Melbourne: +0.572024 Suzuka: -1.442024 Shanghai: -0.142024 Miami: +0.802024 Imola: -0.342024 Monte Carlo: +0.022024 Montreal: -0.012024 Catalunya: -0.482024 Spielberg: -1.012024 Silverstone: +0.702024 Hungaroring: +0.342024 Spa-Francorchamps: +0.662024 Zandvoort: +0.042024 Monza: -1.652024 Baku: -1.692024 Singapore: +0.052024 Austin: -2.372024 Mexico City: -1.012024 Las Vegas: -0.072024 Lusail: no usable session2024 Yas Marina Circuit: -0.162025 Melbourne: no usable session2025 Shanghai: +0.232025 Suzuka: -1.272025 Sakhir: -1.122025 Jeddah: -0.402025 Miami: -0.642025 Imola: -0.502025 Monte Carlo: +0.592025 Catalunya: no usable session2025 Montreal: +0.262025 Spielberg: -0.092025 Silverstone: 0.002025 Spa-Francorchamps: +0.932025 Hungaroring: +0.232025 Zandvoort: -1.542025 Monza: +1.362025 Baku: -0.702025 Singapore: +0.132025 Austin: +0.092025 Mexico City: +0.212025 Interlagos: +0.282025 Lusail: +0.512025 Yas Marina Circuit: +1.10

79 SESSIONS · 145 STINTS · MINIMUM 5 RACES AND 8 STINTS

STEERING SMOOTHNESS

NEEDS ONBOARD VIDEO

How smoothly the driver steers through each corner.

PENDING

Not measured yet. No public feed carries steering angle; it will come from onboard video.

TEAMMATES

Same car, same sessions. Each cell is the average difference over the sessions they shared, in field-spread units: +0.30 means 0.3 of a typical field spread better on that axis. Qualifying H2H is the share of shared qualifying sessions where Stroll's best lap was faster.

TEAMMATESHAREDQUALI H2HENTRYTYRE MGMTTHROTTLEBRAKINGCONSISTENCY
Fernando Alonso128
63 Q · 65 R
11%-0.25-0.61+0.10-0.01+0.34
Sebastian Vettel32
15 Q · 17 R
33%-0.38-0.71-0.04-0.15+0.18
Nico Hulkenberg4
2 Q · 2 R
50%-0.08+1.81+0.37+0.03+0.38

SESSION LOG

Every weekend in this era. Values are the difference from that session's field in field-spread units, green better and red worse. A dash means the session was skipped (wet, or no data) or the driver had no usable laps.

WEEKENDCIRCUITTEAMQ LAPSBRAKINGENTRYTHROTTLERACE LAPSCONSISTENCYTYRE MGMT
2022 R01SakhirAston Martin2-0.18-0.42+0.4513-1.25+1.65
2022 R02JeddahAston Martin3-0.90-1.03-0.1521-1.110.00
2022 R03MelbourneAston Martin————17-0.85-3.00
2022 R04ImolaAston Martin1-0.61-0.17-0.3534+0.67-1.46
2022 R05MiamiAston Martin3-0.23-0.34-0.1516-1.62+1.09
2022 R06BarcelonaAston Martin2-0.55-0.96-0.3841-0.64-0.02
2022 R07MonacoAston Martin1-0.33-0.60+0.07———
2022 R08BakuAston Martin————21-1.22-0.07
2022 R09MontréalAston Martin————40-0.23+0.43
2022 R10SilverstoneAston Martin————9+0.67+1.06
2022 R11SpielbergAston Martin2-0.09-0.59+0.1640+0.10+0.24
2022 R12Le CastelletAston Martin3-0.49-0.64-0.0918-0.24-0.79
2022 R13BudapestAston Martin3+0.04-0.66-0.1427-0.20-0.03
2022 R14Spa-FrancorchampsAston Martin3+0.08-0.88+0.460——
2022 R15ZandvoortAston Martin3+0.15-0.480.0037+0.82+0.59
2022 R16MonzaAston Martin2—-1.07-0.8324+0.45-1.13
2022 R17Marina BayAston Martin1-0.16-0.89-0.0320-0.29+0.74
2022 R18SuzukaAston Martin2-0.12-0.53+0.37———
2022 R19AustinAston Martin2-0.11-0.17+0.1610+0.67-0.93
2022 R20Mexico CityAston Martin2-0.53-0.80-0.1649-0.74-1.67
2022 R21São PauloAston Martin2+0.35-0.34+0.0326+0.42+0.93
2022 R22Yas IslandAston Martin3-0.44-0.49+0.2833-0.05+0.69
2023 R01SakhirAston Martin3+0.38-0.26+0.0934-0.30-0.41
2023 R02JeddahAston Martin3+0.84+0.25+0.430——
2023 R03MelbourneAston Martin3+0.32+0.03+0.0818+0.12+0.56
2023 R04BakuAston Martin3+0.38-0.30+0.0325+2.68-0.42
2023 R05MiamiAston Martin3+0.44-0.79-0.269+0.99+2.35
2023 R06Monte CarloAston Martin3+0.16-0.92+0.080——
2023 R07CatalunyaAston Martin3+0.63+0.28+0.1054+0.49+0.71
2023 R08MontrealAston Martin————23+0.83+0.64
2023 R09SpielbergAston Martin3+0.02-0.37+0.5229+0.75+0.06
2023 R10SilverstoneAston Martin3-0.55-0.79+0.1123-0.88-0.40
2023 R11HungaroringAston Martin3-0.16-0.31+0.1552+0.08-0.08
2023 R12Spa-FrancorchampsAston Martin1+0.60-0.03-0.0633-0.76+0.41
2023 R13ZandvoortAston Martin————19+0.83-1.04
2023 R14MonzaAston Martin2-0.12-1.20+0.1041-2.19-1.30
2023 R15SingaporeAston Martin2-0.67-0.93-0.02———
2023 R16SuzukaAston Martin1+0.36-0.64+0.100——
2023 R17LusailAston Martin1+0.41-0.83+0.1919-0.45+0.08
2023 R18AustinAston Martin2-0.19-0.98-0.2037-0.25+1.40
2023 R19Mexico CityAston Martin1-0.38-1.53-0.0326-0.16+0.33
2023 R20InterlagosAston Martin3+0.56-0.39+0.3244+0.45+0.16
2023 R21Las VegasAston Martin2+0.37-0.75+0.0117+0.38-0.48
2023 R22Yas Marina CircuitAston Martin3+0.42-1.41+0.3723+1.09-2.66
2024 R01SakhirAston Martin3+0.07-0.83+0.2034-0.61-0.19
2024 R02JeddahAston Martin3+0.10-0.31+0.300——
2024 R03MelbourneAston Martin3+0.47+0.26+0.3639+0.57+0.70
2024 R04SuzukaAston Martin2+0.23-0.34-0.3020-1.44-1.23
2024 R05ShanghaiAston Martin2-0.26-0.22-0.4326-0.14-1.59
2024 R06MiamiAston Martin3+0.15-1.03-0.039+0.80-1.15
2024 R07ImolaAston Martin3+0.47-0.85+0.3640-0.34-0.89
2024 R08Monte CarloAston Martin3+0.26-0.56+0.0127+0.02-1.65
2024 R09MontrealAston Martin3+0.18+0.25+0.4710-0.01+1.47
2024 R10CatalunyaAston Martin2+0.12-0.41+0.1250-0.48+0.83
2024 R11SpielbergAston Martin2+0.38-1.16+0.2839-1.01-0.73
2024 R12SilverstoneAston Martin3-0.02-0.16-0.0221+0.70+0.35
2024 R13HungaroringAston Martin3+0.42-0.16+0.1837+0.34+0.72
2024 R14Spa-FrancorchampsAston Martin————20+0.66-0.09
2024 R15ZandvoortAston Martin3+0.44+0.32+0.5543+0.04-0.02
2024 R16MonzaAston Martin1+0.42-0.37-0.1320-1.65-2.82
2024 R17BakuAston Martin3+0.31-0.95+0.0324-1.69-1.56
2024 R18SingaporeAston Martin1+0.59-1.12+0.2446+0.05-0.43
2024 R19AustinAston Martin3+0.36-0.57+0.6033-2.37-0.34
2024 R20Mexico CityAston Martin3-0.16-0.62+0.4048-1.01+1.24
2024 R22Las VegasAston Martin1+0.33-0.77-0.6224-0.07+0.40
2024 R23LusailAston Martin3-0.29-0.48+0.170——
2024 R24Yas Marina CircuitAston Martin3+0.14-0.77+0.6926-0.16-1.54
2025 R01MelbourneAston Martin3+0.11-0.74+0.03———
2025 R02ShanghaiAston Martin3+0.37-0.60+0.3138+0.23+0.49
2025 R03SuzukaAston Martin1-0.46-1.00-0.1738-1.27-0.01
2025 R04SakhirAston Martin2+0.08-0.75-0.0827-1.12+1.47
2025 R05JeddahAston Martin2+0.08-0.33+0.5235-0.40-0.67
2025 R06MiamiAston Martin2+0.87-0.85+0.2123-0.64+0.14
2025 R07ImolaAston Martin3+0.16-0.04+0.4219-0.50+0.39
2025 R08Monte CarloAston Martin2-0.26-0.78+0.0518+0.59-2.96
2025 R09CatalunyaAston Martin3+0.59-0.01+0.59———
2025 R10MontrealAston Martin2-0.33-0.30+0.3833+0.26-1.76
2025 R11SpielbergAston Martin2+0.22-0.91+0.2442-0.09+0.58
2025 R12SilverstoneAston Martin1-0.13-0.19-0.1970.00—
2025 R13Spa-FrancorchampsAston Martin2+0.36-0.54+0.4322+0.93-0.49
2025 R14HungaroringAston Martin3+0.52+0.25+0.0549+0.23+0.28
2025 R15ZandvoortAston Martin————31-1.54-0.70
2025 R16MonzaAston Martin2+0.14-0.60-0.279+1.36+0.27
2025 R17BakuAston Martin————30-0.70-1.20
2025 R18SingaporeAston Martin3-0.32-1.05+0.0535+0.13+0.82
2025 R19AustinAston Martin2+0.11-0.35+0.2211+0.09-0.29
2025 R20Mexico CityAston Martin2+0.34-1.39+0.3447+0.21+0.74
2025 R21InterlagosAston Martin3+0.76+0.40+0.3531+0.28-1.35
2025 R23LusailAston Martin3+0.30-0.47+0.1622+0.51+0.35
2025 R24Yas Marina CircuitAston Martin3+0.80+0.15+0.8220+1.10-0.03

HOW THIS IS CALCULATED

The definitions behind every number on this page. The full specification lives with the pipeline code (backend/pipeline/signature/SPEC.md).

REGULATION ERAS

An era is a period under one set of technical rules. When the rules change, every car brakes, turns and wears its tyres differently, so a driver's style relative to the field can shift too. Signatures are therefore computed separately for each era, and the driver page shows the most recent era with at least one scored axis. These eras are defined by the car rules, separate from the storytelling eras elsewhere on the site.

ERAWHAT DEFINES ITDATA IN THIS DATASET
LATE HYBRID
2018–2021
1.6-litre V6 turbo hybrid power units, used since 2014, in the wider, higher-downforce cars on wider tyres introduced in 2017.
The era starts in 2018, the first season of the official timing archive, although its car rules date from 2017.
2018–2021
30 drivers scored
GROUND EFFECT
2022–2025
THIS PAGE
Most downforce comes from two Venturi tunnels under the floor, with simplified wings and 18-inch low-profile tyres, so that cars can follow each other more closely.
2022–2025
31 drivers scored
ACTIVE AERO
2026 onwards
Front and rear wings switch between a corner mode and a low-drag straight mode, replacing DRS. Cars are shorter, narrower and lighter (768 kg), the floor tunnels are gone, and power is split roughly half and half between combustion and electric, with the MGU-H removed and fully sustainable fuel.
Energy recovery is a bigger part of each lap: drivers lift off before braking to recharge and cars harvest at full throttle at the end of straights. Throttle and braking traces reflect energy management as well as driving style.
2026
22 drivers scored

THE FIELD

Every measurement is a difference from the other cars in the same session. Comparing within a session cancels out the track, the weather, the tyre generation and the overall speed of that year's cars, which is what makes different weekends comparable. For each corner, or each race, the driver's value has the field median subtracted and is divided by the field's spread (a robust z-score, capped at ±3). A value of +1 means one typical field spread better than the median driver.

FROM LAPS TO A SCORE

  1. Pick the laps. Qualifying: up to 3 push laps per driver, within 1% of their own best and 107% of the fastest lap, on dry tyres, not deleted for track limits and not run under red or yellow flags. Race: clean laps only, meaning not lap 1, no pit laps, no safety car, virtual safety car, red or yellow flag, dry tyres, at least 1.5 s behind the car ahead, and within 107% of the driver's stint median.
  2. Measure.Corners are the slowest points of the session's fastest lap (dips of at least 25km/h). Every lap is mapped onto that lap's line, so all drivers' brake points and apexes share one distance scale. Full throttle means 98% pedal or more, and a lift is a drop of 10points. In the race, each stint's lap times are corrected for fuel (0.055 s per lap of fuel still on board) and fitted against tyre age: the slope is degradation (at least 8 clean laps), and the scatter around the line is consistency (at least 6).
  3. Compare with the field. Each corner needs at least 8 field laps; tyre degradation is compared on the same compound when at least 4 stints used it.
  4. Combine over the era. A weighted average of the session values. An axis is only scored with at least 5 qualifying sessions and 150 lap-corners, or 5 races and 8 stints; otherwise it stays empty rather than guessed.
  5. Rank.The 0–100 score is the driver-era's percentile among every driver-era in the dataset, so 50 is typical.
  6. Confidence.The driver's sessions are resampled 400 times and re-ranked. The 90% range runs from the 5th to the 95th percentile of those ranks, and confidence is 1 minus the average width of the ranges.

COMPARISON GROUPS

ERA AVG

The average of every driver scored in the same regulation era. It sits close to 50 on every axis: a typical driver.

ALL-TIME

The average of every driver-era in the dataset. Scores are ranks among those same driver-eras, so it sits at 50 on every axis by construction.

CHAMPIONS

World champions in the eras they won their titles, from the final standings of completed seasons. In the dataset: Lewis Hamilton (2018, 2019, 2020), Max Verstappen (2021, 2022, 2023, 2024), Lando Norris (2025).

TEAMMATES

The driver's teammates in this era, weighted by sessions shared. Same car, so this is the fairest comparison.

AXES

AXISMEASURESHIGHER MEANSDATA
STEERING SMOOTHNESSHow smoothly the driver steers through each corner.Not measured yet. No public feed carries steering angle; it will come from onboard video.NEEDS ONBOARD VIDEO
ENTRY AGGRESSIONSpeed as the driver comes off the brake, and the minimum speed through the corner.Carries more speed off the brake and through the slowest point.QUALIFYING PUSH LAPS · CORNER BY CORNER
TYRE MANAGEMENTHow fast lap times drop off as the tyres age, corrected for fuel load.Loses less time per lap of tyre age than the field on the same compound.CLEAN RACE LAPS · PER STINT
THROTTLE APPLICATIONDistance from the slowest point of the corner to full throttle, and the number of throttle lifts in between.Reaches full throttle sooner after the apex, with fewer lifts.QUALIFYING PUSH LAPS · CORNER BY CORNER
BRAKINGWhere the driver starts braking for each corner, and how long the braking zone lasts.Brakes later and over a shorter distance than the field.QUALIFYING PUSH LAPS · CORNER BY CORNER
CONSISTENCYHow much clean lap times vary within a stint once the tyre-wear trend is removed.Smaller lap-to-lap variation than the field in the same race.CLEAN RACE LAPS · PER STINT

DATA AND COVERAGE

Source: Official F1 live-timing feed, read through TracingInsights' public FastF1 extraction (2018–2022) and the OpenF1 historical API (2023–2026). The feed gives car data (speed, throttle, brake on/off, gear) about 3.7 times a second, car positions, laps, tyre stints, gaps and race-control messages. It does not carry steering angle or brake pressure. 180 qualifying sessions and 186 races are scored.

SEASONWEEKENDSQUALIFYINGRACESNOT SCORED
20182120/2120/21
Australian qualifying: no race-control messages in the source, so flags cannot be applied
Australian race: no race-control messages in the source, so flags cannot be applied
20192121/2121/21—
20201715/1717/17
Styrian qualifying: wet
Turkish qualifying: wet
20212220/2222/22
Belgian qualifying: wet
Russian qualifying: mixed conditions, 6 drivers on dry tyres
20222220/2222/22
Canadian qualifying: wet
British qualifying: wet
20232221/2222/22
Dutch qualifying: mixed conditions, 9 drivers on dry tyres
20242422/2424/24
Belgian qualifying: wet
São Paulo qualifying: wet
20252422/2424/24
Azerbaijan qualifying: no lap data in the public feed
Las Vegas qualifying: wet
202619 (+4 still to run)19/1919/19—

KNOWN LIMITATIONS

  • The field includes faster and slower cars, so a driver in a quick car scores higher on car-sensitive measures such as minimum corner speed. The teammate comparison is where the car is held constant.
  • The braking point is not adjusted for approach speed: a driver who exits the previous corner faster arrives quicker and has to brake earlier. Braking describes style more than pace.
  • Tyre management cannot tell tyre wear apart from a driver deliberately controlling pace, so its ranges are wide.
  • From 2026, throttle and braking traces also reflect energy recovery (lifting before braking, harvesting at full throttle), not only driving style.
  • Steering smoothness needs steering angle, which no public feed carries. It is never estimated and will come from onboard video, along with seasons before 2018.

PIPELINE TIMING-0.1.0 · GENERATED 2026-11-02 · OFFICIAL F1 LIVE-TIMING FEED, READ THROUGH TRACINGINSIGHTS' PUBLIC FASTF1 EXTRACTION (2018–2022) AND THE OPENF1 HISTORICAL API (2023–2026)