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DRIVING SIGNATURE · FULL METRICS

Yuki Tsunoda

Ground effect era (2022–2025) · data from 2022–2025 · AlphaTauri, RB, Red Bull Racing, Racing Bulls

LATE HYBRID · 2021GROUND EFFECT · 2022–2025

LAPS USED

2,395

QUALIFYING

81

RACES

83

AXES SCORED

5/6

CONFIDENCE

0.72

How this is calculated — the era, the field, the comparison groups and every threshold.

OVERVIEW

Each axis is a 0–100 rank among every driver-era in the dataset, built from differences to the same-session field. The 90% range is where nine in ten resampled scores land. Rank is within the ground effect field.

STEERINGSMOOTHNESSPENDINGENTRY AGGRESSIONTYRE MANAGEMENTTHROTTLE APPLICATIONBRAKINGCONSISTENCY

DASHED: ERA AVG — The average of every driver scored in the same regulation era. It sits close to 50 on every axis: a typical driver.

AXISSCORE90% RANGERANKERA AVGALL-TIMECHAMPIONSTEAMMATES
STEERINGPENDING——————
ENTRY4844–5216/2951509273
TYRE MGMT4513–7316/3047505150
THROTTLE7160–779/2949507678
BRAKING8781–911/2951507863
CONSISTENCY4228–7217/3149508163

AXIS BY AXIS

What each axis measures, where the driver sits among this era's drivers, the raw differences behind the score, and how it moved from weekend to weekend.

ENTRY AGGRESSION

QUALIFYING PUSH LAPS · CORNER BY CORNER

Speed as the driver comes off the brake, and the minimum speed through the corner.

48/ 100
RANK 16 OF 29 · GROUND EFFECT FIELD
90% RANGE 44–52

Higher means: Carries more speed off the brake and through the slowest point.

0255075100Alexander Albon (Williams): 29Fernando Alonso (Aston Martin): 41Kimi Antonelli (Mercedes): 78Oliver Bearman (Haas F1 Team): 51Gabriel Bortoleto (Kick Sauber): 12Valtteri Bottas (Alfa Romeo): 31Franco Colapinto (Alpine): 38Pierre Gasly (Alpine): 82Isack Hadjar (Racing Bulls): 71Lewis Hamilton (Mercedes): 55Nico Hulkenberg (Haas F1 Team): 35Nicholas Latifi (Williams): 3Liam Lawson (Racing Bulls): 50Charles Leclerc (Ferrari): 83Kevin Magnussen (Haas F1 Team): 28Mick Schumacher (Haas F1 Team): 64Lando Norris (McLaren): 97Esteban Ocon (Alpine): 34Sergio Perez (Red Bull Racing): 70Oscar Piastri (McLaren): 96Daniel Ricciardo (McLaren): 69George Russell (Mercedes): 76Carlos Sainz (Ferrari): 54Logan Sargeant (Williams): 20Lance Stroll (Aston Martin): 19Max Verstappen (Red Bull Racing): 80Sebastian Vettel (Aston Martin): 43Guanyu Zhou (Alfa Romeo): 23Yuki Tsunoda: 48

● DRIVER · ○ TEAMMATE · ● REST OF ERA · ┊ ERA AVG · SHADED: 90% RANGE

ON AVERAGE, AGAINST THE SAME-SESSION FIELD

1.2 km/h more speed as the brake comes off.

1.7 km/h lower minimum corner speed.

WEEKEND BY WEEKEND · ABOVE THE LINE = BETTER THAN THAT SESSION'S FIELD

2022202320242025
2022 Sakhir: -0.382022 Melbourne: -0.042022 Imola: -0.342022 Miami: -0.342022 Barcelona: +0.102022 Monaco: +0.122022 Baku: -0.522022 Montréal: no usable session2022 Silverstone: no usable session2022 Spielberg: -0.122022 Le Castellet: +0.082022 Budapest: -0.142022 Spa-Francorchamps: -0.032022 Zandvoort: -0.122022 Monza: -0.222022 Marina Bay: -0.502022 Suzuka: -0.392022 Austin: +0.172022 Mexico City: -0.102022 São Paulo: no usable session2022 Yas Island: +0.192023 Sakhir: +0.272023 Jeddah: -0.072023 Melbourne: +0.142023 Baku: -0.202023 Miami: +0.382023 Monte Carlo: +0.172023 Catalunya: -0.032023 Montreal: no usable session2023 Spielberg: -0.532023 Silverstone: -0.342023 Hungaroring: -0.502023 Spa-Francorchamps: -1.992023 Zandvoort: no usable session2023 Monza: -0.062023 Singapore: +0.152023 Suzuka: +0.102023 Lusail: +0.022023 Austin: +0.502023 Mexico City: +0.432023 Interlagos: -0.552023 Las Vegas: -1.622023 Yas Marina Circuit: +0.442024 Sakhir: +0.092024 Jeddah: +0.312024 Melbourne: +0.692024 Suzuka: +0.442024 Shanghai: -0.042024 Miami: +0.212024 Imola: +0.462024 Monte Carlo: +0.152024 Montreal: +0.212024 Catalunya: -0.772024 Spielberg: +0.292024 Silverstone: -0.392024 Hungaroring: +0.582024 Spa-Francorchamps: no usable session2024 Zandvoort: -0.242024 Monza: -0.482024 Baku: -0.392024 Singapore: +0.072024 Austin: -0.232024 Mexico City: -0.142024 Las Vegas: -0.032024 Lusail: -0.192024 Yas Marina Circuit: -0.322025 Melbourne: +0.302025 Shanghai: +0.502025 Suzuka: +0.272025 Sakhir: -0.192025 Jeddah: -0.032025 Miami: +0.052025 Imola: no usable session2025 Monte Carlo: -0.052025 Catalunya: -0.532025 Montreal: -0.262025 Spielberg: -0.602025 Silverstone: -1.072025 Spa-Francorchamps: +0.182025 Hungaroring: -0.582025 Zandvoort: -0.322025 Monza: +0.142025 Baku: no usable session2025 Singapore: -0.802025 Austin: +0.052025 Mexico City: -0.322025 Interlagos: -0.702025 Las Vegas: no usable session2025 Lusail: -0.612025 Yas Marina Circuit: -0.74

81 SESSIONS · 1480 LAP-CORNERS · MINIMUM 5 QUALIFYING SESSIONS AND 150 LAP-CORNERS

TYRE MANAGEMENT

CLEAN RACE LAPS · PER STINT

How fast lap times drop off as the tyres age, corrected for fuel load.

45/ 100
RANK 16 OF 30 · GROUND EFFECT FIELD
90% RANGE 13–73

Higher means: Loses less time per lap of tyre age than the field on the same compound.

0255075100Alexander Albon (Williams): 65Fernando Alonso (Aston Martin): 96Kimi Antonelli (Mercedes): 85Oliver Bearman (Haas F1 Team): 90Gabriel Bortoleto (Kick Sauber): 5Valtteri Bottas (Alfa Romeo): 14Franco Colapinto (Alpine): 21Nyck De Vries (AlphaTauri): 12Pierre Gasly (Alpine): 27Isack Hadjar (Racing Bulls): 51Lewis Hamilton (Mercedes): 55Nico Hulkenberg (Haas F1 Team): 23Nicholas Latifi (Williams): 7Liam Lawson (Racing Bulls): 76Charles Leclerc (Ferrari): 41Kevin Magnussen (Haas F1 Team): 19Mick Schumacher (Haas F1 Team): 32Lando Norris (McLaren): 57Esteban Ocon (Alpine): 66Sergio Perez (Red Bull Racing): 13Oscar Piastri (McLaren): 77Daniel Ricciardo (McLaren): 73George Russell (Mercedes): 71Carlos Sainz (Ferrari): 68Logan Sargeant (Williams): 1Lance Stroll (Aston Martin): 30Max Verstappen (Red Bull Racing): 48Sebastian Vettel (Aston Martin): 97Guanyu Zhou (Alfa Romeo): 31Yuki Tsunoda: 45

● DRIVER · ○ TEAMMATE · ● REST OF ERA · ┊ ERA AVG · SHADED: 90% RANGE

ON AVERAGE, AGAINST THE SAME-SESSION FIELD

Loses 0.048 s per lap of tyre age after fuel correction, 0.004 s/lap less than the race median.

WEEKEND BY WEEKEND · ABOVE THE LINE = BETTER THAN THAT SESSION'S FIELD

2022202320242025
2022 Sakhir: +1.302022 Melbourne: -1.622022 Imola: +0.312022 Miami: +0.662022 Barcelona: +0.922022 Monaco: +0.452022 Baku: +0.152022 Montréal: -0.732022 Silverstone: +0.662022 Spielberg: +0.372022 Le Castellet: -3.002022 Budapest: +0.932022 Spa-Francorchamps: +1.242022 Zandvoort: +0.212022 Monza: -0.042022 Marina Bay: no usable session2022 Suzuka: no usable session2022 Austin: no usable session2022 Mexico City: +0.562022 São Paulo: +0.422022 Yas Island: -0.562023 Sakhir: no usable session2023 Jeddah: +0.052023 Melbourne: -0.202023 Baku: no usable session2023 Miami: +0.382023 Monte Carlo: -0.752023 Catalunya: no usable session2023 Montreal: +0.662023 Spielberg: -1.132023 Silverstone: -0.412023 Hungaroring: -1.142023 Spa-Francorchamps: 0.002023 Zandvoort: -0.902023 Monza: no usable session2023 Singapore: no usable session2023 Suzuka: -0.842023 Lusail: -1.812023 Austin: +0.892023 Mexico City: -3.002023 Interlagos: +0.672023 Las Vegas: +2.842023 Yas Marina Circuit: +0.242024 Sakhir: +0.772024 Jeddah: -2.462024 Melbourne: +0.292024 Suzuka: +0.982024 Shanghai: no usable session2024 Miami: +0.442024 Imola: -0.492024 Monte Carlo: -0.052024 Montreal: no usable session2024 Catalunya: -0.492024 Spielberg: +0.052024 Silverstone: -0.772024 Hungaroring: +0.872024 Spa-Francorchamps: +0.192024 Zandvoort: -2.392024 Monza: no usable session2024 Baku: no usable session2024 Singapore: +0.192024 Austin: +0.862024 Mexico City: no usable session2024 Las Vegas: -0.272024 Lusail: -0.842024 Yas Marina Circuit: -1.202025 Melbourne: no usable session2025 Shanghai: -1.182025 Suzuka: no usable session2025 Sakhir: -0.672025 Jeddah: no usable session2025 Miami: -0.052025 Imola: +0.122025 Monte Carlo: +0.192025 Catalunya: -2.172025 Montreal: -0.032025 Spielberg: -0.302025 Silverstone: +3.002025 Spa-Francorchamps: no usable session2025 Hungaroring: -0.742025 Zandvoort: -0.572025 Monza: +0.922025 Baku: +0.632025 Singapore: 0.002025 Austin: -0.162025 Mexico City: +0.152025 Interlagos: -1.312025 Las Vegas: -0.412025 Lusail: no usable session2025 Yas Marina Circuit: +0.21

72 SESSIONS · 120 STINTS · MINIMUM 5 RACES AND 8 STINTS

THROTTLE APPLICATION

QUALIFYING PUSH LAPS · CORNER BY CORNER

Distance from the slowest point of the corner to full throttle, and the number of throttle lifts in between.

71/ 100
RANK 9 OF 29 · GROUND EFFECT FIELD
90% RANGE 60–77

Higher means: Reaches full throttle sooner after the apex, with fewer lifts.

0255075100Alexander Albon (Williams): 3Fernando Alonso (Aston Martin): 72Kimi Antonelli (Mercedes): 65Oliver Bearman (Haas F1 Team): 28Gabriel Bortoleto (Kick Sauber): 55Valtteri Bottas (Alfa Romeo): 41Franco Colapinto (Alpine): 8Pierre Gasly (Alpine): 80Isack Hadjar (Racing Bulls): 82Lewis Hamilton (Mercedes): 38Nico Hulkenberg (Haas F1 Team): 48Nicholas Latifi (Williams): 6Liam Lawson (Racing Bulls): 77Charles Leclerc (Ferrari): 40Kevin Magnussen (Haas F1 Team): 44Mick Schumacher (Haas F1 Team): 23Lando Norris (McLaren): 52Esteban Ocon (Alpine): 15Sergio Perez (Red Bull Racing): 99Oscar Piastri (McLaren): 31Daniel Ricciardo (McLaren): 59George Russell (Mercedes): 81Carlos Sainz (Ferrari): 50Logan Sargeant (Williams): 10Lance Stroll (Aston Martin): 86Max Verstappen (Red Bull Racing): 98Sebastian Vettel (Aston Martin): 51Guanyu Zhou (Alfa Romeo): 14Yuki Tsunoda: 71

● DRIVER · ○ TEAMMATE · ● REST OF ERA · ┊ ERA AVG · SHADED: 90% RANGE

ON AVERAGE, AGAINST THE SAME-SESSION FIELD

Reaches full throttle 2.0 m further from the apex than the field median.

WEEKEND BY WEEKEND · ABOVE THE LINE = BETTER THAN THAT SESSION'S FIELD

2022202320242025
2022 Sakhir: -0.332022 Melbourne: +0.062022 Imola: +0.152022 Miami: +0.412022 Barcelona: +0.442022 Monaco: +0.172022 Baku: +0.162022 Montréal: no usable session2022 Silverstone: no usable session2022 Spielberg: -0.092022 Le Castellet: -0.332022 Budapest: +0.142022 Spa-Francorchamps: -0.132022 Zandvoort: -0.032022 Monza: +0.112022 Marina Bay: -0.272022 Suzuka: +0.052022 Austin: -0.172022 Mexico City: +0.122022 São Paulo: no usable session2022 Yas Island: +0.012023 Sakhir: +0.212023 Jeddah: -0.022023 Melbourne: -0.122023 Baku: +0.542023 Miami: +0.122023 Monte Carlo: +0.252023 Catalunya: +0.022023 Montreal: no usable session2023 Spielberg: +0.182023 Silverstone: +0.262023 Hungaroring: -0.032023 Spa-Francorchamps: -0.622023 Zandvoort: no usable session2023 Monza: +0.022023 Singapore: +0.562023 Suzuka: +0.092023 Lusail: -0.022023 Austin: +0.212023 Mexico City: -0.222023 Interlagos: -0.082023 Las Vegas: +0.052023 Yas Marina Circuit: +0.552024 Sakhir: +0.122024 Jeddah: -0.252024 Melbourne: -0.582024 Suzuka: 0.002024 Shanghai: -0.152024 Miami: -0.032024 Imola: +0.292024 Monte Carlo: -0.172024 Montreal: +0.422024 Catalunya: -0.212024 Spielberg: -0.022024 Silverstone: -0.342024 Hungaroring: +0.292024 Spa-Francorchamps: no usable session2024 Zandvoort: +0.192024 Monza: -0.522024 Baku: +0.152024 Singapore: +0.292024 Austin: -0.172024 Mexico City: +0.072024 Las Vegas: +0.412024 Lusail: -0.082024 Yas Marina Circuit: -0.042025 Melbourne: +0.042025 Shanghai: +0.172025 Suzuka: +0.092025 Sakhir: +0.102025 Jeddah: -0.012025 Miami: +0.242025 Imola: no usable session2025 Monte Carlo: +0.272025 Catalunya: -0.592025 Montreal: -0.272025 Spielberg: -0.092025 Silverstone: +0.052025 Spa-Francorchamps: +0.152025 Hungaroring: +0.182025 Zandvoort: +0.252025 Monza: -0.122025 Baku: no usable session2025 Singapore: +0.332025 Austin: +0.382025 Mexico City: -0.032025 Interlagos: +0.212025 Las Vegas: no usable session2025 Lusail: -0.122025 Yas Marina Circuit: +0.02

81 SESSIONS · 1406 LAP-CORNERS · MINIMUM 5 QUALIFYING SESSIONS AND 150 LAP-CORNERS

BRAKING

QUALIFYING PUSH LAPS · CORNER BY CORNER

Where the driver starts braking for each corner, and how long the braking zone lasts.

87/ 100
RANK 1 OF 29 · GROUND EFFECT FIELD
90% RANGE 81–91

Higher means: Brakes later and over a shorter distance than the field.

0255075100Alexander Albon (Williams): 22Fernando Alonso (Aston Martin): 76Kimi Antonelli (Mercedes): 62Oliver Bearman (Haas F1 Team): 41Gabriel Bortoleto (Kick Sauber): 23Valtteri Bottas (Alfa Romeo): 36Franco Colapinto (Alpine): 18Pierre Gasly (Alpine): 64Isack Hadjar (Racing Bulls): 82Lewis Hamilton (Mercedes): 77Nico Hulkenberg (Haas F1 Team): 48Nicholas Latifi (Williams): 3Liam Lawson (Racing Bulls): 51Charles Leclerc (Ferrari): 67Kevin Magnussen (Haas F1 Team): 34Mick Schumacher (Haas F1 Team): 19Lando Norris (McLaren): 80Esteban Ocon (Alpine): 20Sergio Perez (Red Bull Racing): 45Oscar Piastri (McLaren): 83Daniel Ricciardo (McLaren): 71George Russell (Mercedes): 72Carlos Sainz (Ferrari): 35Logan Sargeant (Williams): 28Lance Stroll (Aston Martin): 65Max Verstappen (Red Bull Racing): 56Sebastian Vettel (Aston Martin): 50Guanyu Zhou (Alfa Romeo): 54Yuki Tsunoda: 87

● DRIVER · ○ TEAMMATE · ● REST OF ERA · ┊ ERA AVG · SHADED: 90% RANGE

ON AVERAGE, AGAINST THE SAME-SESSION FIELD

Starts braking 1.9 m later than the field median.

WEEKEND BY WEEKEND · ABOVE THE LINE = BETTER THAN THAT SESSION'S FIELD

2022202320242025
2022 Sakhir: +0.062022 Melbourne: +0.242022 Imola: +0.122022 Miami: +0.352022 Barcelona: +0.312022 Monaco: +0.322022 Baku: -0.032022 Montréal: no usable session2022 Silverstone: no usable session2022 Spielberg: -0.072022 Le Castellet: +0.262022 Budapest: +0.202022 Spa-Francorchamps: +0.342022 Zandvoort: +0.052022 Monza: +0.042022 Marina Bay: +0.252022 Suzuka: -0.402022 Austin: +0.372022 Mexico City: -0.102022 São Paulo: no usable session2022 Yas Island: +0.372023 Sakhir: -0.012023 Jeddah: +0.462023 Melbourne: +0.392023 Baku: +0.102023 Miami: +0.992023 Monte Carlo: +0.592023 Catalunya: +0.632023 Montreal: no usable session2023 Spielberg: +0.212023 Silverstone: -0.572023 Hungaroring: +1.252023 Spa-Francorchamps: -1.292023 Zandvoort: no usable session2023 Monza: +0.612023 Singapore: +1.162023 Suzuka: +0.332023 Lusail: +0.092023 Austin: +0.602023 Mexico City: +0.272023 Interlagos: +0.432023 Las Vegas: -1.132023 Yas Marina Circuit: +0.442024 Sakhir: +0.152024 Jeddah: -0.132024 Melbourne: +0.752024 Suzuka: +0.342024 Shanghai: -0.332024 Miami: +0.582024 Imola: +0.532024 Monte Carlo: +0.522024 Montreal: +0.562024 Catalunya: +0.802024 Spielberg: -0.022024 Silverstone: -0.202024 Hungaroring: +0.562024 Spa-Francorchamps: no usable session2024 Zandvoort: +0.472024 Monza: -0.342024 Baku: -0.142024 Singapore: +0.972024 Austin: +0.212024 Mexico City: +0.652024 Las Vegas: -0.182024 Lusail: -0.162024 Yas Marina Circuit: +0.242025 Melbourne: +0.692025 Shanghai: +0.892025 Suzuka: +0.642025 Sakhir: +0.872025 Jeddah: +0.342025 Miami: +0.492025 Imola: no usable session2025 Monte Carlo: +0.052025 Catalunya: +0.302025 Montreal: +0.332025 Spielberg: +0.512025 Silverstone: -0.622025 Spa-Francorchamps: +0.312025 Hungaroring: +0.242025 Zandvoort: +0.182025 Monza: +0.632025 Baku: no usable session2025 Singapore: +0.322025 Austin: +0.062025 Mexico City: -0.122025 Interlagos: +0.322025 Las Vegas: no usable session2025 Lusail: +0.172025 Yas Marina Circuit: -0.08

81 SESSIONS · 1354 LAP-CORNERS · MINIMUM 5 QUALIFYING SESSIONS AND 150 LAP-CORNERS

CONSISTENCY

CLEAN RACE LAPS · PER STINT

How much clean lap times vary within a stint once the tyre-wear trend is removed.

42/ 100
RANK 17 OF 31 · GROUND EFFECT FIELD
90% RANGE 28–72

Higher means: Smaller lap-to-lap variation than the field in the same race.

0255075100Alexander Albon (Williams): 62Fernando Alonso (Aston Martin): 38Kimi Antonelli (Mercedes): 81Oliver Bearman (Haas F1 Team): 36Gabriel Bortoleto (Kick Sauber): 25Valtteri Bottas (Alfa Romeo): 21Franco Colapinto (Alpine): 39Nyck De Vries (AlphaTauri): 33Jack Doohan (Alpine): 9Pierre Gasly (Alpine): 79Isack Hadjar (Racing Bulls): 55Lewis Hamilton (Mercedes): 46Nico Hulkenberg (Haas F1 Team): 19Nicholas Latifi (Williams): 5Liam Lawson (Racing Bulls): 70Charles Leclerc (Ferrari): 72Kevin Magnussen (Haas F1 Team): 11Mick Schumacher (Haas F1 Team): 13Lando Norris (McLaren): 75Esteban Ocon (Alpine): 83Sergio Perez (Red Bull Racing): 52Oscar Piastri (McLaren): 56Daniel Ricciardo (McLaren): 31George Russell (Mercedes): 93Carlos Sainz (Ferrari): 89Logan Sargeant (Williams): 16Lance Stroll (Aston Martin): 68Max Verstappen (Red Bull Racing): 97Sebastian Vettel (Aston Martin): 78Guanyu Zhou (Alfa Romeo): 20Yuki Tsunoda: 42

● DRIVER · ○ TEAMMATE · ● REST OF ERA · ┊ ERA AVG · SHADED: 90% RANGE

ON AVERAGE, AGAINST THE SAME-SESSION FIELD

Lap times scatter 0.329 s around the stint trend, 0.048 s looser than the field median.

WEEKEND BY WEEKEND · ABOVE THE LINE = BETTER THAN THAT SESSION'S FIELD

2022202320242025
2022 Sakhir: -0.452022 Melbourne: -0.672022 Imola: -0.122022 Miami: -1.672022 Barcelona: +0.522022 Monaco: -0.042022 Baku: +0.152022 Montréal: +0.642022 Silverstone: -1.272022 Spielberg: +0.342022 Le Castellet: -0.512022 Budapest: -0.802022 Spa-Francorchamps: +0.272022 Zandvoort: +0.332022 Monza: +0.502022 Marina Bay: no usable session2022 Suzuka: no usable session2022 Austin: no usable session2022 Mexico City: +0.572022 São Paulo: -1.142022 Yas Island: -0.442023 Sakhir: +1.262023 Jeddah: +0.572023 Melbourne: -1.632023 Baku: +0.062023 Miami: -0.122023 Monte Carlo: +0.062023 Catalunya: -1.712023 Montreal: +0.012023 Spielberg: -0.952023 Silverstone: +0.382023 Hungaroring: -1.112023 Spa-Francorchamps: +0.422023 Zandvoort: +0.642023 Monza: no usable session2023 Singapore: no usable session2023 Suzuka: -0.472023 Lusail: -1.452023 Austin: +0.952023 Mexico City: -0.912023 Interlagos: -0.302023 Las Vegas: +0.352023 Yas Marina Circuit: +0.132024 Sakhir: +0.172024 Jeddah: -0.732024 Melbourne: +0.032024 Suzuka: -0.852024 Shanghai: -0.172024 Miami: +0.692024 Imola: -1.562024 Monte Carlo: -1.002024 Montreal: -1.022024 Catalunya: -1.842024 Spielberg: +0.582024 Silverstone: +0.162024 Hungaroring: -0.482024 Spa-Francorchamps: -0.232024 Zandvoort: -1.002024 Monza: no usable session2024 Baku: -2.412024 Singapore: +0.202024 Austin: -0.332024 Mexico City: no usable session2024 Las Vegas: +0.302024 Lusail: -0.082024 Yas Marina Circuit: -0.682025 Melbourne: no usable session2025 Shanghai: -0.022025 Suzuka: no usable session2025 Sakhir: +0.502025 Jeddah: no usable session2025 Miami: +0.402025 Imola: -0.802025 Monte Carlo: +0.122025 Catalunya: -0.722025 Montreal: +0.082025 Spielberg: +0.082025 Silverstone: -0.362025 Spa-Francorchamps: no usable session2025 Hungaroring: -0.122025 Zandvoort: +0.442025 Monza: -1.092025 Baku: +1.282025 Singapore: -2.022025 Austin: -0.122025 Mexico City: -1.642025 Interlagos: -0.602025 Las Vegas: -0.852025 Lusail: no usable session2025 Yas Marina Circuit: -0.31

78 SESSIONS · 136 STINTS · MINIMUM 5 RACES AND 8 STINTS

STEERING SMOOTHNESS

NEEDS ONBOARD VIDEO

How smoothly the driver steers through each corner.

PENDING

Not measured yet. No public feed carries steering angle; it will come from onboard video.

TEAMMATES

Same car, same sessions. Each cell is the average difference over the sessions they shared, in field-spread units: +0.30 means 0.3 of a typical field spread better on that axis. Qualifying H2H is the share of shared qualifying sessions where Tsunoda's best lap was faster.

TEAMMATESHAREDQUALI H2HENTRYTYRE MGMTTHROTTLEBRAKINGCONSISTENCY
Daniel Ricciardo47
23 Q · 24 R
70%-0.04-0.18-0.07+0.34+0.27
Max Verstappen39
19 Q · 20 R
0%-0.50-0.09-0.22+0.19-0.59
Pierre Gasly36
18 Q · 18 R
56%-0.28+0.09+0.03-0.11-0.27
Nyck De Vries16
7 Q · 9 R
86%+0.61-0.10+0.13+0.35+0.17
Liam Lawson16
9 Q · 7 R
89%+0.22-0.92+0.06+0.55-0.15
Isack Hadjar3
2 Q · 1 R
50%+0.40-0.37+0.05+0.46+0.09

SESSION LOG

Every weekend in this era. Values are the difference from that session's field in field-spread units, green better and red worse. A dash means the session was skipped (wet, or no data) or the driver had no usable laps.

WEEKENDCIRCUITTEAMQ LAPSBRAKINGENTRYTHROTTLERACE LAPSCONSISTENCYTYRE MGMT
2022 R01SakhirAlphaTauri2+0.06-0.38-0.3330-0.45+1.30
2022 R03MelbourneAlphaTauri2+0.24-0.04+0.0626-0.67-1.62
2022 R04ImolaAlphaTauri1+0.12-0.34+0.1533-0.12+0.31
2022 R05MiamiAlphaTauri3+0.35-0.34+0.4130-1.67+0.66
2022 R06BarcelonaAlphaTauri3+0.31+0.10+0.4441+0.52+0.92
2022 R07MonacoAlphaTauri3+0.32+0.12+0.178-0.04+0.45
2022 R08BakuAlphaTauri3-0.03-0.52+0.1627+0.15+0.15
2022 R09MontréalAlphaTauri————10+0.64-0.73
2022 R10SilverstoneAlphaTauri————28-1.27+0.66
2022 R11SpielbergAlphaTauri3-0.07-0.12-0.0943+0.34+0.37
2022 R12Le CastelletAlphaTauri3+0.26+0.08-0.339-0.51-3.00
2022 R13BudapestAlphaTauri2+0.20-0.14+0.1445-0.80+0.93
2022 R14Spa-FrancorchampsAlphaTauri1+0.34-0.03-0.139+0.27+1.24
2022 R15ZandvoortAlphaTauri3+0.05-0.12-0.0327+0.33+0.21
2022 R16MonzaAlphaTauri2+0.04-0.22+0.1122+0.50-0.04
2022 R17Marina BayAlphaTauri1+0.25-0.50-0.27———
2022 R18SuzukaAlphaTauri3-0.40-0.39+0.05———
2022 R19AustinAlphaTauri3+0.37+0.17-0.170——
2022 R20Mexico CityAlphaTauri2-0.10-0.10+0.1229+0.57+0.56
2022 R21São PauloAlphaTauri————36-1.14+0.42
2022 R22Yas IslandAlphaTauri3+0.37+0.19+0.0130-0.44-0.56
2023 R01SakhirAlphaTauri3-0.01+0.27+0.2113+1.26—
2023 R02JeddahAlphaTauri2+0.46-0.07-0.0236+0.57+0.05
2023 R03MelbourneAlphaTauri3+0.39+0.14-0.1228-1.63-0.20
2023 R04BakuAlphaTauri3+0.10-0.20+0.546+0.06—
2023 R05MiamiAlphaTauri2+0.99+0.38+0.1220-0.12+0.38
2023 R06Monte CarloAlphaTauri3+0.59+0.17+0.2540+0.06-0.75
2023 R07CatalunyaAlphaTauri2+0.63-0.03+0.026-1.71—
2023 R08MontrealAlphaTauri————37+0.01+0.66
2023 R09SpielbergAlphaTauri3+0.21-0.53+0.1828-0.95-1.13
2023 R10SilverstoneAlphaTauri1-0.57-0.34+0.2624+0.38-0.41
2023 R11HungaroringAlphaTauri2+1.25-0.50-0.0340-1.11-1.14
2023 R12Spa-FrancorchampsAlphaTauri1-1.29-1.99-0.6221+0.420.00
2023 R13ZandvoortAlphaTauri————23+0.64-0.90
2023 R14MonzaAlphaTauri3+0.61-0.06+0.02———
2023 R15SingaporeAlphaTauri1+1.16+0.15+0.56———
2023 R16SuzukaAlphaTauri3+0.33+0.10+0.0924-0.47-0.84
2023 R17LusailAlphaTauri3+0.09+0.02-0.0235-1.45-1.81
2023 R18AustinAlphaTauri3+0.60+0.50+0.2143+0.95+0.89
2023 R19Mexico CityAlphaTauri2+0.27+0.43-0.2226-0.91-3.00
2023 R20InterlagosAlphaTauri3+0.43-0.55-0.0850-0.30+0.67
2023 R21Las VegasAlphaTauri2-1.13-1.62+0.0523+0.35+2.84
2023 R22Yas Marina CircuitAlphaTauri3+0.44+0.44+0.5535+0.13+0.24
2024 R01SakhirRB3+0.15+0.09+0.1215+0.17+0.77
2024 R02JeddahRB3-0.13+0.31-0.259-0.73-2.46
2024 R03MelbourneRB3+0.75+0.69-0.5836+0.03+0.29
2024 R04SuzukaRB3+0.34+0.440.0026-0.85+0.98
2024 R05ShanghaiRB2-0.33-0.04-0.157-0.17—
2024 R06MiamiRB3+0.58+0.21-0.0334+0.69+0.44
2024 R07ImolaRB3+0.53+0.46+0.2939-1.56-0.49
2024 R08Monte CarloRB3+0.52+0.15-0.1762-1.00-0.05
2024 R09MontrealRB3+0.56+0.21+0.427-1.02—
2024 R10CatalunyaRB2+0.80-0.77-0.2144-1.84-0.49
2024 R11SpielbergRB3-0.02+0.29-0.0250+0.58+0.05
2024 R12SilverstoneRB1-0.20-0.39-0.3421+0.16-0.77
2024 R13HungaroringRB2+0.56+0.58+0.2960-0.48+0.87
2024 R14Spa-FrancorchampsRB————26-0.23+0.19
2024 R15ZandvoortRB3+0.47-0.24+0.1910-1.00-2.39
2024 R16MonzaRB1-0.34-0.48-0.520——
2024 R17BakuRB2-0.14-0.39+0.157-2.41—
2024 R18SingaporeRB3+0.97+0.07+0.2948+0.20+0.19
2024 R19AustinRB3+0.21-0.23-0.1729-0.33+0.86
2024 R20Mexico CityRB3+0.65-0.14+0.07———
2024 R22Las VegasRB3-0.18-0.03+0.4130+0.30-0.27
2024 R23LusailRB3-0.16-0.19-0.0830-0.08-0.84
2024 R24Yas Marina CircuitRB3+0.24-0.32-0.0437-0.68-1.20
2025 R01MelbourneRacing Bulls3+0.69+0.30+0.04———
2025 R02ShanghaiRacing Bulls3+0.89+0.50+0.1728-0.02-1.18
2025 R03SuzukaRed Bull Racing3+0.64+0.27+0.090——
2025 R04SakhirRed Bull Racing3+0.87-0.19+0.1014+0.50-0.67
2025 R05JeddahRed Bull Racing3+0.34-0.03-0.01———
2025 R06MiamiRed Bull Racing3+0.49+0.05+0.2424+0.40-0.05
2025 R07ImolaRed Bull Racing————18-0.80+0.12
2025 R08Monte CarloRed Bull Racing3+0.05-0.05+0.2710+0.12+0.19
2025 R09CatalunyaRed Bull Racing2+0.30-0.53-0.5924-0.72-2.17
2025 R10MontrealRed Bull Racing3+0.33-0.26-0.2733+0.08-0.03
2025 R11SpielbergRed Bull Racing2+0.51-0.60-0.0933+0.08-0.30
2025 R12SilverstoneRed Bull Racing3-0.62-1.07+0.058-0.36+3.00
2025 R13Spa-FrancorchampsRed Bull Racing3+0.31+0.18+0.150——
2025 R14HungaroringRed Bull Racing2+0.24-0.58+0.1842-0.12-0.74
2025 R15ZandvoortRed Bull Racing3+0.18-0.32+0.258+0.44-0.57
2025 R16MonzaRed Bull Racing3+0.63+0.14-0.1226-1.09+0.92
2025 R17BakuRed Bull Racing————26+1.28+0.63
2025 R18SingaporeRed Bull Racing2+0.32-0.80+0.3322-2.020.00
2025 R19AustinRed Bull Racing3+0.06+0.05+0.3844-0.12-0.16
2025 R20Mexico CityRed Bull Racing3-0.12-0.32-0.0356-1.64+0.15
2025 R21InterlagosRed Bull Racing2+0.32-0.70+0.2142-0.60-1.31
2025 R22Las VegasRed Bull Racing————31-0.85-0.41
2025 R23LusailRed Bull Racing3+0.17-0.61-0.120——
2025 R24Yas Marina CircuitRed Bull Racing3-0.08-0.74+0.0231-0.31+0.21

HOW THIS IS CALCULATED

The definitions behind every number on this page. The full specification lives with the pipeline code (backend/pipeline/signature/SPEC.md).

REGULATION ERAS

An era is a period under one set of technical rules. When the rules change, every car brakes, turns and wears its tyres differently, so a driver's style relative to the field can shift too. Signatures are therefore computed separately for each era, and the driver page shows the most recent era with at least one scored axis. These eras are defined by the car rules, separate from the storytelling eras elsewhere on the site.

ERAWHAT DEFINES ITDATA IN THIS DATASET
LATE HYBRID
2018–2021
1.6-litre V6 turbo hybrid power units, used since 2014, in the wider, higher-downforce cars on wider tyres introduced in 2017.
The era starts in 2018, the first season of the official timing archive, although its car rules date from 2017.
2018–2021
30 drivers scored
GROUND EFFECT
2022–2025
THIS PAGE
Most downforce comes from two Venturi tunnels under the floor, with simplified wings and 18-inch low-profile tyres, so that cars can follow each other more closely.
2022–2025
31 drivers scored
ACTIVE AERO
2026 onwards
Front and rear wings switch between a corner mode and a low-drag straight mode, replacing DRS. Cars are shorter, narrower and lighter (768 kg), the floor tunnels are gone, and power is split roughly half and half between combustion and electric, with the MGU-H removed and fully sustainable fuel.
Energy recovery is a bigger part of each lap: drivers lift off before braking to recharge and cars harvest at full throttle at the end of straights. Throttle and braking traces reflect energy management as well as driving style.
2026
22 drivers scored

THE FIELD

Every measurement is a difference from the other cars in the same session. Comparing within a session cancels out the track, the weather, the tyre generation and the overall speed of that year's cars, which is what makes different weekends comparable. For each corner, or each race, the driver's value has the field median subtracted and is divided by the field's spread (a robust z-score, capped at ±3). A value of +1 means one typical field spread better than the median driver.

FROM LAPS TO A SCORE

  1. Pick the laps. Qualifying: up to 3 push laps per driver, within 1% of their own best and 107% of the fastest lap, on dry tyres, not deleted for track limits and not run under red or yellow flags. Race: clean laps only, meaning not lap 1, no pit laps, no safety car, virtual safety car, red or yellow flag, dry tyres, at least 1.5 s behind the car ahead, and within 107% of the driver's stint median.
  2. Measure.Corners are the slowest points of the session's fastest lap (dips of at least 25km/h). Every lap is mapped onto that lap's line, so all drivers' brake points and apexes share one distance scale. Full throttle means 98% pedal or more, and a lift is a drop of 10points. In the race, each stint's lap times are corrected for fuel (0.055 s per lap of fuel still on board) and fitted against tyre age: the slope is degradation (at least 8 clean laps), and the scatter around the line is consistency (at least 6).
  3. Compare with the field. Each corner needs at least 8 field laps; tyre degradation is compared on the same compound when at least 4 stints used it.
  4. Combine over the era. A weighted average of the session values. An axis is only scored with at least 5 qualifying sessions and 150 lap-corners, or 5 races and 8 stints; otherwise it stays empty rather than guessed.
  5. Rank.The 0–100 score is the driver-era's percentile among every driver-era in the dataset, so 50 is typical.
  6. Confidence.The driver's sessions are resampled 400 times and re-ranked. The 90% range runs from the 5th to the 95th percentile of those ranks, and confidence is 1 minus the average width of the ranges.

COMPARISON GROUPS

ERA AVG

The average of every driver scored in the same regulation era. It sits close to 50 on every axis: a typical driver.

ALL-TIME

The average of every driver-era in the dataset. Scores are ranks among those same driver-eras, so it sits at 50 on every axis by construction.

CHAMPIONS

World champions in the eras they won their titles, from the final standings of completed seasons. In the dataset: Lewis Hamilton (2018, 2019, 2020), Max Verstappen (2021, 2022, 2023, 2024), Lando Norris (2025).

TEAMMATES

The driver's teammates in this era, weighted by sessions shared. Same car, so this is the fairest comparison.

AXES

AXISMEASURESHIGHER MEANSDATA
STEERING SMOOTHNESSHow smoothly the driver steers through each corner.Not measured yet. No public feed carries steering angle; it will come from onboard video.NEEDS ONBOARD VIDEO
ENTRY AGGRESSIONSpeed as the driver comes off the brake, and the minimum speed through the corner.Carries more speed off the brake and through the slowest point.QUALIFYING PUSH LAPS · CORNER BY CORNER
TYRE MANAGEMENTHow fast lap times drop off as the tyres age, corrected for fuel load.Loses less time per lap of tyre age than the field on the same compound.CLEAN RACE LAPS · PER STINT
THROTTLE APPLICATIONDistance from the slowest point of the corner to full throttle, and the number of throttle lifts in between.Reaches full throttle sooner after the apex, with fewer lifts.QUALIFYING PUSH LAPS · CORNER BY CORNER
BRAKINGWhere the driver starts braking for each corner, and how long the braking zone lasts.Brakes later and over a shorter distance than the field.QUALIFYING PUSH LAPS · CORNER BY CORNER
CONSISTENCYHow much clean lap times vary within a stint once the tyre-wear trend is removed.Smaller lap-to-lap variation than the field in the same race.CLEAN RACE LAPS · PER STINT

DATA AND COVERAGE

Source: Official F1 live-timing feed, read through TracingInsights' public FastF1 extraction (2018–2022) and the OpenF1 historical API (2023–2026). The feed gives car data (speed, throttle, brake on/off, gear) about 3.7 times a second, car positions, laps, tyre stints, gaps and race-control messages. It does not carry steering angle or brake pressure. 180 qualifying sessions and 186 races are scored.

SEASONWEEKENDSQUALIFYINGRACESNOT SCORED
20182120/2120/21
Australian qualifying: no race-control messages in the source, so flags cannot be applied
Australian race: no race-control messages in the source, so flags cannot be applied
20192121/2121/21—
20201715/1717/17
Styrian qualifying: wet
Turkish qualifying: wet
20212220/2222/22
Belgian qualifying: wet
Russian qualifying: mixed conditions, 6 drivers on dry tyres
20222220/2222/22
Canadian qualifying: wet
British qualifying: wet
20232221/2222/22
Dutch qualifying: mixed conditions, 9 drivers on dry tyres
20242422/2424/24
Belgian qualifying: wet
São Paulo qualifying: wet
20252422/2424/24
Azerbaijan qualifying: no lap data in the public feed
Las Vegas qualifying: wet
202619 (+4 still to run)19/1919/19—

KNOWN LIMITATIONS

  • The field includes faster and slower cars, so a driver in a quick car scores higher on car-sensitive measures such as minimum corner speed. The teammate comparison is where the car is held constant.
  • The braking point is not adjusted for approach speed: a driver who exits the previous corner faster arrives quicker and has to brake earlier. Braking describes style more than pace.
  • Tyre management cannot tell tyre wear apart from a driver deliberately controlling pace, so its ranges are wide.
  • From 2026, throttle and braking traces also reflect energy recovery (lifting before braking, harvesting at full throttle), not only driving style.
  • Steering smoothness needs steering angle, which no public feed carries. It is never estimated and will come from onboard video, along with seasons before 2018.

PIPELINE TIMING-0.1.0 · GENERATED 2026-11-02 · OFFICIAL F1 LIVE-TIMING FEED, READ THROUGH TRACINGINSIGHTS' PUBLIC FASTF1 EXTRACTION (2018–2022) AND THE OPENF1 HISTORICAL API (2023–2026)